3 2 ° 
COELOG YNE 
Coelogyne Lindl. (incl. Pleione I). Don). Orchidaceae (7). 60 sp. 
Indo-mal. S. China. 
Coffea Linn. Rubiaceae (11. 14). 40 sp. palaeotrop, esp. Afr. C. 
arabica L. is the Arabian coffee, largely cult, in Brazil, Java, 
Jamaica, and elsewhere, usually under the shade of large trees. 
C. liberica Hiem is the Liberian coffee, a larger stouter bush than 
the other, and cultivated usually at lower elevations ; its produce is 
not so good. Other sp. are occasionally used. The fruit is a 
2-seeded drupe, resembling a cherry. The pulp and the endocarp 
(which covers the two seeds like a layer of parchment) are me- 
chanically removed. The seed, or coffee-bean, has a deep groove 
on the ventral side; by soaking it in water the endosperm is softened 
and the embryo may be dissected out. Coffee cultivation was from 
1850 to 1880 the mainstay of Ceylon agriculture, but was killed out 
by the attacks of a fungus (. Hemileia vastatrix) and the green bug. 
(Raoul, Culture du Cafeier , Paris). 
Coix Linn. Gramineae (1). 4 sp. India, China. The best known is 
C. Lachryma L., Job’s tears, distinguished by the curious inverted 
pear-shaped body at the base of each infl. This is the sheath of the 
bract of the infl., hollowed out and containing the i-fld. ? spikelet ; 
the <? spikelets project beyond the mouth. It grows from the Punjab 
to Burma, and is largely cult, for food in the Khasia Hills and Burma ; 
it is used in medicine in China. 
Cola Schott et Endl. Sterculiaceae. 20 sp. Afr. C. vera K. Schumann 
and C. acuminata Schott et Endl. (possibly identical) are the source 
of the kola nuts which form a principal article of trade in West Africa. 
The. nuts contain much caffein, and when chewed confer considerable 
power of sustaining fatigue; they are consequently a staple in the diet 
of the negroes of tropical Africa (cf. Erythroxylon). The tree is as 
yet but rarely cultivated, but is very common in W. Afr. The nuts 
are skinned after keeping for a tew days, and packed between leaves 
to keep them damp. 
Colchicaceae (Warming) = Liliaceae (suborder 1). 
Colchicum Linn. Liliaceae (1). 30 sp. Eur. , W. As., N. Afr. C. 
autumnale L., autumn crocus or meadow saffron, in Brit. Below 
the soil is a large corm (fig. and description in most text-books). In 
autumn the fir. projects out of the soil. The perianth tube is long, 
and the ovary remains below ground, protected from cold, &c. The 
protogynous flr. is visited by bees. In spring the leaves appear and 
the capsule is brought above ground by the lengthening of its stalk. 
The seeds and corms are used in medicine, in gout. 
Coldenia Linn. Boraginaceae (11). 15 sp. trop. 
Colea Boj. Bignoniaceae (iv). 15 sp. Madag., Masc. 
Colebrookea Sm. Labiatae (vi. 12). 1 sp. India. 
Coleonema Bartl. et Wendl. Rutaceae (iv). 4 sp. S. Afr. 
Coleus Lour. Labiatae (vn). 60 sp. trop. exc. Am. Several hybrid 
