336 
COPAIFERA 
S. Am. sp. yield the resin known as Balsam of Copaiba, and resins 
(copals) are also obtained from the Afr. sp. 
Copernicia Mart. Palmae (i. 2). 6 sp. Am. C. cerifera Mart, is the 
wax- or Camauba-palm of Brazil. Its leaves are coated with wax, 
which can be removed by shaking; it is used in making candles and 
is largely imported into Brit. The wood, leaves, &c., are also useful. 
Coprosma Forst. Rubiaceae (11. 17). 40 sp. N. Z., Austr., Malaya, 
Chili. The stipules of some sp. are glandular, and some have 
peculiar openings (? domatia) on the backs of the leaves. 
Coptis Salisb. Ranunculaceae (2). 8 sp. N. temp, and arctic. 
Corallorhiza Hall. Orchidaceae (8). 12 sp. N. temp. C. innata R. 
Br. (coral- root) in Brit. Saprophytes with much branched fleshy 
rhizome, no roots, and scaly leaves. [See p. 177, and cf. Epipogum.] 
Corchorus (Tourn.) Linn. Tiliaceae. 30 sp. trop. C. capsularis L. 
and C. olitorius L. (India &c.) furnish the chief supply of the valuable 
fibre jute or gunny (obtained by steeping the full-grown stems in 
water; cf. Linum). Annual plants about 12 feet high, little branched. 
Cordia Linn. Boraginaceae (1). 250 sp. trop. Trees or shrubs. The 
fruit is edible; that of C. Myxa L. (Egypt to Austr.) was formerly 
used in medicine. [See Mez in Englcr' s Jahrb. xn.] 
Cordiaceae (Warming) = Boraginaceae (suborder 1). 
Cordyline Royen. Liliaceae (vi). 10 sp. trop. and warm temp. 
Favourite decorative plants with the habit of Dracaena. The leaves 
of some sp. yield fibre. 
Coreopsis Linn. Compositae (v). 70 sp. Am., trop. Afr., Sandw. Is. 
Corethrogyne DC. Compositae (ill). 3 sp. Calif. 
Coriandrum (Tourn.) Linn. Umbelliferae (8). 3 sp. Medit. The 
fruits (Coriander-seeds) of C. sativwn L. are used in flavouring. 
Coriaria Niss. ex Linn. The only genus of Coriariaceae. 8 sp. Medit., 
India to Japan, N. Z., Chili to Mexico. The genus is thus probably 
one which was formerly very widely spread over the globe (p. 146). 
They are mostly shrubs with opp. or whorled leaves, sometimes be- 
coming alt. at the ends of the shoots. The inconspicuous protogynous 
firs, are borne in racemose infls. K 5, C 5, A 5 + 5, G 5. The petals 
are keeled on the inner side, and after fertilisation of the fir. grow 
fleshy and enclose the cpls. forming a pseudo-drupe. Ovules 1 in 
each loc., pendulous, anatropous ; raphe dorsal. Endosperm thin. 
Coriareae (Benth.-Hooker) = Coriariaceae. 
Coriariaceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Sapindales). Only genus 
Coriaria {q*v.). The only nearly related order is Empetraceae. 
Placed as anomalous order at end of Disciflorae by Benth.-Hooker. 
Coris Tourn. Primulaceae (v). 2 sp. Medit. 
Corispermum B. Juss. ex Linn. Chenopodiaceae (6). 10 sp. N. temp. 
Cornaceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Umbelliflorae). 16 gen. with 
80 sp., cosmop., but chiefly N. temp. Shrubs with opp. or rarely 
alt. leaves, usually entire, exstip. Infl. dichasial, usually condensed 
