EUPHORBIA 
38i 
suited to the climate. The floral receptacle is hollow and becomes 
woody in the fruit. The calyx is thrown off as a lid when the flr. 
opens. 
On account of their rapid growth and economic value, these trees 
are now largely cultivated in India, Algeria, &c. Many sp. yield 
valuable timber ; E. Globulus Labill. (blue-gum) yields oil of euca- 
lyptus ; others yield oils, kino, &c. 
Eucharis Planch, et Linden. Amaryllidaceae (1). 6 sp. Columbia. The 
sta. spring from the margin of the corona (see order). 
Euchlaena Schrad. Gramineae (1). 1 sp. Mex., E. mexicana Schrad. 
Very like Zea in habit and infl. The ? spikelets are free from one 
another and do not form a ‘cob.’ It is used as a cereal in Cent. Am. 
Eucnide Zucc.= Mentzelia Linn. 
Eucomis L’Herit. Liliaceae (v). 5 sp. S. Afr. The dense spike of 
firs, is crowned by a tuft of bracts. 
Eucryphiaceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Parietal es). 1 gen., Eu- 
cryphia, with 4 sp. S. Am., Austr. Placed in Rosaceae, near to 
Quillaja, by Benth.-Hooker. See Nat. PJl. 
Eugenia Mich, ex Linn. (incl. Jambosa DC., Syzygiitm Gaertn.). 
Myrtaceae (l). 625 sp. trop. Many sp. have edible fruit, e.g. E. 
malaccensis L., the rose-apple or Malay apple. The dried flr.-buds 
of E. caryophyllata Thunb. form the well-known spice cloves. 
Eulophia R. Br. Orchidaceae (16). 50 sp. trop. 
Eunomia DC. = Aethionema R. Br. 
Euonymus Linn. Celastraceae. 60 sp. N. temp., and S.E. As. 
E. europaeus L., the spindle-tree, in Brit. Several sp. have curious 
outgrowths of cork upon their stems. The firs, are polygamous and 
protandrous. On the ripe seed is a bright red fleshy aril, serving in 
bird-dispersal. The development of the aril may easily be studied 
by examining seeds of various ages. The wood is used for spindles, 
pegs, &c., and furnishes good charcoal. 
Eupatorium (Tourn.) Linn. (incl. Conoclinium DC.). Compositae (11). 
400 sp. mostly Am., a few in Eur., As., trop. Afr. E. cannabinum 
L., hemp-agrimony, in Brit. Its firs, are largely visited by butterflies. 
Euphorbia Linn. Euphorbiaceae (A. 11. 8). 700 sp. chiefly sub-trop. 
and warm temp. (12 in Brit.). They differ very much in vegetative 
habit. The British sp. of spurge are herbs and so are many others, 
but shrubs are also frequent. The chief interest centres in those sp. 
that inhabit very dry places and have consequently a xerophytic habit. 
Most of these forms closely resemble Cactaceae (q.v.), and sometimes 
when not in flr. it is very difficult to decide from the outside appear- 
ance whether one has to do with a Euphorbia or a Cactus. The 
presence of latex of course distinguishes the former. It is very 
interesting to see how similar conditions of life have called forth, 
in three different orders not nearly allied to one another, such 
a similarity of habit as is seen in Euphorbia, the Cactaceae, and 
