PRINGLEA 
545 
to the abortion of the originally outer whorl. Much discussion took 
place on this subject in former times, especially after Pfeifer’s discovery 
of the peculiar development of the corolla from the backs of the 
sta. (see Eichler, Biiithendiag. or Asa Gray, Struct . Bot. p. 197). 
Ovary superior or half-inferior (Samolus), syncarpous with free 
central placenta, typically of 5 cpls., but this is not easily proved, 
as no partitions (cf. Caryophyllaceae) are found in the ovary and the 
style and stigma are simple. The capsule splits into 5 valves, and 
monstrous firs, with 5 leaves in place of the ovary occur ; hence we 
may perhaps assume 5 cpls. Ovules 00 , spirally or in whorls on the 
placenta, semi-anatropous. The morphology of the free-central 
placenta has also been a subject of dispute (see Pax in Nat. PJi ., or 
Eichler , Bl iithendiag . ) . 
A great number of the P. have heterostyled flowers (Primula, 
Hottonia, Glaux, Androsace, &c., q.v. for details). 
The fruit is a capsule, dehiscing in various ways, but usually by 
teeth at the tip, one opposite to each sepal. Seeds few or many; 
embryo small, in fleshy endosperm. 
Classification and chief genera (after Pax) : 
A. Flowers regular. Calyx not spiny. 
a. Limb of corolla never bent back on tube, 
a. Corolla aestivation quincuncial. 
I. Prunuleae (ovary sup.): Primula, Androsace, Solda- 
nella, Hottonia. 
II. Samoleae (ovary semi-inf.): Samolus (only genus). 
1 8 . Aestivation convolute. 
III. Lysimachieae : Lysimachia, Steironema, Trientalis, 
Glaux, Anagallis, Centunculus. 
b. Limb of corolla bent back. 
IV. Cyclamineae : Cyclamen, Dodecatheon (only genera). 
B. Flowers medially zygomorphic. Calyx spiny. 
V. Corideae: Coris (only genus). 
[Placed in Primulales by Benth.- Hooker, in Primulinae by 
Warming.] 
Primulales. The 2nd cohort (Engler) of Sympetalae (p. 131). The 5th 
cohort (Benth.- Hooker) of Gamopetalae (p. 135). 
Primulinae (Warming). The 3rd cohort of Sympetalae (p. 138). 
Principes. The 5th cohort of Monocotyledons (p. 125). 
Pringlea Anders. Cruciferae (1. 1). P. anti scorbutic a R. Br., the 
Kerguelen cabbage, is the only sp. It has the habit of a cabbage, 
with the firs, borne on lateral axes, and is a valuable remedy against 
scurvy on account of its essential oil. It grows only “on the tem- 
pestuous shores of Kerguelen’s I., where winged insects cannot exist, 
because at every flight they run the risk of being drowned. Under 
these circumstances the plant has become modified for fertilisation by 
the wind, acquiring exserted anthers and long filiform stigmatic 
w. 35 
