TRIFOLIUM 
609 
Firs, dichlamydeous, regular. K 4 — 5, rarely (4 — 5), valvate; C 
4 — 5, valvate; A 8, ro, or rarely 6; G (2), medianly placed; style 
and stigma simple; ovules 1 or 2 in each loc., anatropous. Capsule, 
loculicidal or also septicidal. Albuminous seed, with or without aril. 
Genera : Tetratheca, Tremandra. Placed in Polygalinae by Benth.- 
Hooker, in Aesculinae by Warming. 
Tremandreae (Benth. -Hooker) = Tremandraceae. 
Trentepohlia Roth = Heliophila Burm. f. 
Trianea Karst. = Limnobium Rich. 
Tribulus Tourn. ex Linn. Zygophyllaceae. 12 sp. Afr., As., Am., 
Medit. (caltrops). The mericarps are provided with sharp rigid 
spines which stick into the foot of any animal treading on the fruit, or 
may catch in its fur, thus getting distributed. Each mericarp contains 
3 — 5 seeds, and is divided by cross walls which develope after fer- 
tilisation. 
Trichilia P. Br. Meliaceae. 150 sp. trop. 
Trichocline Cass. Compositae (xii). 28 sp. S. Am. 
Tricholaena Schrad. Gramineae (v). 10 sp. Afr.. T. rosea Nees is 
cultivated for bouquets. 
Tricholepis DC. Compositae (xi). 12 sp. Asia. 
Trichomanes L. Hymenophyllaceae. 150 sp. with the distribution 
# of the order; T. radicans Sw., the bristle fern, in Ireland. 
Trichonema Ker-Gawl. = Romulea Maratti. 
Trichopilia Lindl. Orchidaceae (28). 18 sp. trop. Am. 
Trichosanthes Linn. Cucurbitaceae (in). 42 sp. E. Ind. to Austr. 
Trichosma Lindl. Orchidaceae (5). 1 sp. Himal. The axis is 
lengthened at the top and carries the lateral sepals forward, forming 
a chin. 
Trichosporum D. Don = Aeschynanthus Jack. 
Tricyrtis Wall. Liliaceae (1). 5 sp. Himal., E. Asia. 
Tridax Linn. Compositae (v). 15 sp. trop. Am. 
Trientalis Rupp, ex Linn. Primulaceae (in). 2 sp. N. temp. T% 
europaea L. (chickweed winter-green) sub-alpine in Brit. There is 
a rhizome with erect stem bearing about 4 — 7 leaves in a tuft and 
a few 7-merous firs. 
Trifolium (Tourn.) Linn. Leguminosae (in. 4). 290 sp. temp, and 
subtrop. ; 20 in Brit, (clover, trefoil, shamrock). The fir. has the 
simplest of the various mechanisms found in the order, the sta. and 
style emerging as the keel is depressed by an insect resting on the 
wings, and returning into it when it is released. The firs, of white 
clover are an important source of honey ; those of red clover are too 
long-tubed for hive-bees and are visited by humble-bees. T. sub- 
terranenm L. has two kinds of infl., one normal, the other becoming 
subterranean. Only 3 or 4 of its firs, develope, the rest forming 
grapnels (each sepal forming a reflexed hook) ; the stalk of the infl. 
bends downwards and gradually forces the firs, under the earth, 
W. 
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