TUBIFLORAE 
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Vill. is the wheat, of which numerous subspecies are cultivated, e.g . 
T. polonicum L. (Polish wheat), T. durum Desf., 7’. Spelta L. (spelt), 
T. dicoccum Schrank, T. monococcum L., &c. (see Kornicke and 
Werner, Handb. d. Getreidcbaues , Bonn, 1885, or Nat. PJl.', also 
Mueller’s Select Extratrop. Plants). [For T. repens L. see Agro- 
pyrum.] 
Wheat is subject to many diseases ; one of the most interesting is 
rust, which shows as rusty streaks of spores upon the leaves (see 
Berberis). 
TritomiaKer-Gawl. = Kniphofia Moench. 
Triumfetta Plum ex Linn. Tiliaceae. 60 sp. trop. Herbs or shrubs, 
often with extrafloral nectaries at the base of the leaves. The infl. is 
peculiar. On each internode there are usually at least three 3-flowered 
dichasial cymes. The first and oldest is opposite to the leaf ; the rest 
stand alternately right and left between the first and the leaf. [See 
Nat. Pfl.\ The fruit is armed with hooked spines for animal- distri- 
bution. 
Triuridaceae. Monocotyledons (Triuridales). 2 gen. with about 8 sp. 
trop. As. and Am. Saprophytes. See Nat. PJl. Placed in Apo- 
carpae by Benth. -Hooker. 
Trochodendraceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Ranales). 3 gen. E. As. 
Placed in Magnoliaceae by Benth.- FI ooker. See Nat. Pfl. 
Trollius Linn. Ranunculaceae (2). 12 sp. N. temp, and Arctic. (T.eu- 
ropaeus L., the globe-flower, in Brit.) The ‘ sepals ’ completely cover 
in the flr., protecting the pollen from injury. The fir. is homogamous, 
and regularly fertilises itself, though cross-fertilisation may occur. 
Tropaeolaceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Geraniales). Only genus 
Tropaeolum (q.v.). Placed in Geraniaceae by Benth. -Hooker, in 
Columniferae by Warming. 
Tropaeolum Linn. Tropaeolaceae. 35 sp. S. Am., Mexico (Nasturtium 
or Indian cress of gardens). Most are herbs climbing by sensitive 
petioles (cf. Clematis), with compound or peltate leaves ; some have 
tubers at the base of the stem. Fir. zygomorphic with a posterior 
spur formed by the axis under the posterior sepal. K 5, imbricate; 
C 5; A 4 + 4; G (3), 3-loc. with 1 ovule in each, anatropous, pen- 
dulous with micropyle facing upwards and outwards ; style simple. 
Fruit a schizocarp, with no beak. Seed exalbuminous. 
Troximon Nutt. Compositae (xm). 24 sp. W. Am. 
Tsuga Carr. Coniferae (Arauc. 1 b; see C. for genus characters). 6 sp. 
As. N. Am. : evergreen trees with the habit of Picea. T. canadensis 
Carr, is the Hemlock spruce, found in a large part of N. Am. and 
valued for its wood, bark (used in tanning), pitch (canada pitch), &c. 
T. (Pseudotsuga) Douglasii Carr, is the Douglas fir, forming large 
forests in the Rocky Mts. &c. 
Tubiflorae. The 5th cohort (Engler) of Sympetalae (p. 132). The 4th 
cohort (Warming) of Sympetalae (p. 138). 
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