62 
SCENERY OF SWITZERLAND. 
ridges are mainly formed of Urgonian. Kaufmann* 
describes five successive folds at the north extremity, 
which is the summit. Towards the south-west these 
folds are reduced to three. It well deserves its 
ancient name of Mans fractus — the broken moun- 
tain. 
From Staad, at the extremity of the Lake of 
Alpnach, the railway rises with a very steep gradient 
on the south-east flank of the mountain. It crosses 
obliquely first the Eocene, then Urgonian, as far as 
the torrent of Wolfurt, where it crosses the first 
Neocomian anticlinal. It then enters the Eocene 
synclinal of Matt, touches the calcareous summit of 
Esel, and terminates on the precipitous slope of 
Urgonian. 
The two hotels (Bellevue and Pilatus Kulm) are 
* Beit, z, Geol, K, d, Schw.y L. v. 
