Fig. 4. — Showing the artificial folds produced in a series of layers of clay on indiarubber, according to an 
experiment by Prof. A. Favre. 
60 
SCENERY OF SWITZERLAND. 
placing layers of cloth under 
a weight, and then compressing 
the two sides, and more com- 
plete experiments have since 
been made by Favre, Ruskin 
and Cadell. 
Fig. 4 shows the result of 
one of Favre’s experiments, in 
which he used the contraction 
of an indiarubber band to pro- 
duce the folds. 
The shortening of the Jura 
amounts to about one-fifteenth. 
The strata between Basle and 
the St. Gotthard, a distance of 
1 30 miles, would, if horizontal, 
occupy 200 miles. Heim estim- 
ates the total compression of the 
