SNOW AND ICE. 
12 I 
In the larger glaciers most of the subglacial 
rivulets unite under the glacier and flow out at the 
end in a stream, often under a beautiful blue flat 
arch generally from i to 3 but sometimes even 30 
metres in height. In many cases it is possible to 
enter them for some distance, and galleries are often 
cut. The ice is a splendid blue, the surface takes a 
number of gentle curves, and when the light from 
outside is reflected from the surfaces, it assumes by 
complementary action a delicate tint of pink. 
Moraines.* 
The mountain sides which surround glaciers 
shower down on them fragments, and sometimes 
immense masses, of rock, which gradually accumulate 
at the sides and at the end, and are known as 
“Moraines.” When two glaciers meet, a “medial” 
moraine is formed by the union of two “lateial 
moraines (Fig. 30), while the matter carried along 
under the glacier is known as “ground Moraine.” 
However many glaciers may unite, the moraines keep 
themselves distinct, and may often be seen for miles 
stretching up the glacier side by side. 
* The word “Moraine” was adopted by Charpentier from 
the local name used in the Yalais, and has now become general. 
