CALLITRICHA CEAE 
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stems are largely used, under the name of rattan canes, for making 
chair bottoms, baskets, cables, &c. 
Calandrinia H. B. et K. Portulacaceae. 80 sp. Chili to Vancouver, 
and Austr. The firs, close very quickly in absence of sunlight. 
Calanthe R. Br. Orchidaceae (15). 40 sp. trop. There are 8 pollinia, 
which, if removed and re-introduced, strike the sloping sides of the 
rostellum and diverge into the stigmas. 
Calathea G. F. W. Mey. Marantaceae. 60 sp. trop. Am., and 2 W. 
Afr. The staminode (see order) is present in most sp. 
Calceolaria Linn. Scrophulariaceae (11. 4). 130 sp. S. Am., Mexico, 
N. Z. Many forms and hybrids are cultivated. 
Caldesia Parl. = Alisma Linn. 
Calea Linn. Compositae (v). 65 sp. Am. 
Calendula Linn. Compositae (ix). 15 sp. Medit. C. officinalis L. is 
commonly cultivated in gardens under the name marigold. An 
interesting “hen-and-chickens” variety is sometimes seen, in which 
each principal head is surrounded by a number of others, springing 
from the axils of the involucral bracts. The disc florets are <? , the 
ray florets ? . Three kinds of fruit occur on the head ; many biological 
meanings have been forced into this fact, but in reality nothing is 
known as to its significance. 
Caliphruria Herb. Amaryllidaceae (1). 4 sp. S. Am. Sta. with 
stipular appendages (see order). 
Calla Linn. Araceae (ill). 1 sp., C. palustris L., in N. Eur. Firs. 
2 with perianth, borne once in two years. For C. aethiopica L. see 
Richardia. 
Calliandra Benth. Leguminosae (1. 1). 100 sp. trop. and sub-trop. 
Am., As. 
Callicarpa Linn. Verbenaceae (iv). 30 sp. trop. and sub-trop. 
Callicoma Andr. Cunoniaceae. 2 sp. E. Austr. 
CaUigonum Linn. Polygonaceae (11. 3). 20 sp. N. Afr., W. As., 
Steppe plants. 
Callipeltis Stev. Rubiaceae (11. 21). 3 sp. Medit. 
Calliprora Lindl. = Brodiaea Sm. 
Callirhoe Nutt. Malvaceae (11). 7 sp. N. Am., often placed in Malva. 
Callistachys Vent. = Oxylobium Andr. 
Callistemon R. Br. Myrtaceae (11. 2). 11 sp. Austr., often cultivated 
as greenhouse shrubs (‘ bottle-brushes ’). The axis of the infl. grows 
on beyond the firs, and continues to produce leaves (cf. Eucomis). 
The sta. form the conspicuous part of the fir., as is often the case 
in plants of the dry climate of Austr. (cf. Acacia &c.). 
Callistephus Cass. Compositae (111). 1 sp. China, Japan, largely 
cultivated in many varieties under the name China aster. 
Callitrichaceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Geraniales). Only genus 
Callitriche ( q.v .). As usual in such cases of water-plants (see p. 158 
and Ceratophyllaceae) the systematic position is doubtful. Benth.- 
