CANDOLLEA 
283 
either in the bud or later. Usually there is a bunch of hairs upon 
the style to hold the pollen. For some time the style acts as pollen- 
presenter to insects visiting the flr. ; after a time the stigmas separate 
and the female stage sets in, and finally, in many cases the stigmas 
curl back so far that they touch the pollen still clinging to their 
own style, and thus effect self-fertilisation, so that seed is sure to be 
set one way or other. For details see genera, especially Campanula, 
Phyteuma, Jasione, Lobelia, and cf. Compositae. 
Classification and chief genera (after Schonland): 
I. CAMPANULOIDEAE (flr. actinomorphic, rarely slightly 
zygomorphic; anthers usually free): 
1. Campanuleae (cor. valvate; flr. symmetrical): Campanula, 
Phyteuma, Wahlenbergia, Platycodon, Jasione. 
2. Pentaphragmeae (cor. valvate; firs, asymmetric, in cin- 
cinni): Pentaphragma (only genus). 
3. Sphenocleae (cor. imbricate) : Sphenoclea (only genus). 
II. CYPHIOIDEAE (flr. zygomorphic; sta. sometimes united; 
anthers free) : Cyphia, Nemacladus. 
III. LOBELIOIDEAE (flr. zygomorphic, rarely almost actino- 
morphic; anthers united): Centropogon, Siphocampylus, Lobelia. 
Campa.nulatae. The 9th cohort of Dicotyledons (Sympet.) See p. 132. 
Campanulinae (Warming). The joth cohort of Sympetalae (p. 13S). 
Camphora (Bauh.) Linn. = Cinnamomum Tourn. 
Campsidium Seem. = Tecoma Juss. 
Camptosema Hook, et Am. Leguminosae (ill. 10). 12 sp. S. Am. 
Campylobotrys Lem. = Hoffmannia Sw. 
Campynema Labill. Amaryllidaceae (iv). 2 sp. Austr. , Tasm. See 
order. 
Cananga Hook. f. et Thoms. Anonaceae (3). 3 sp. trop., E. As. to Austr. 
C. odorata Hook. f. is cultivated for its flrs. which yield the perfume 
known as Ylang-ylang or Macassar oil. 
Canarina Linn. Campanulaceae (1. 1). 3 sp. Canary Is., trop. Afr., 
Moluccas. Like Campanula, but usually 6-merous, and with edible 
berry fruit. 
Canarium (Rumph.) Linn. Burseraceae. 80 sp. trop. As., Afr. 
i6 C. commune L. is said to furnish the resin known as Manilla 
Elemi” (see Bursera). C. strictum Roxb. (Malabar) yields black 
dammar (see Agathis). 
Candollea Labill. in Ann. Mus. Par. 1805 (= Stylidium Sw. ; for C. of 
Labill. in Nov. Holl. PI. 1806, see Hibbertia). Candolleaceae. 
85 sp. Austr., N. Z. , E. As. C. adnata F. Muell. is often lound in 
greenhouses. It has an irritable gynostemium. Upon the smallest 
of the corolla segments is a swollen nectary. In the newly opened 
flr. the gynostemium stands erect. Then it bends downwards till it 
lies upon the nectary, and the anthers dehisce; the stigma faces 
upwards. The tension of the tissues (the phenomenon is a case of 
