CORYLUS 
32 9 
The dome (above) is composed of succulent tissue very attractive to 
bees ; these fight for places on it whence to drill the tissue ; every now 
and then one of them gets pushed off and falls into the bucket. It can 
neither fly nor climb out, and so has to squeeze through the overflow 
pipe. In so doing it first passes the stigma, fertilising it if it bears 
any pollen, and then, passing the anther, is loaded with new pollinia 
to be transferred to other firs. “ I have often seen this, and some- 
times there are so many of these humble bees assembled that there is 
a continual procession of them through the passage ” (Criiger). [See 
Darwin’s Orchids , p. 173, and cf. Stanhopea.] 
Corydalis Vent. Papaveraceae (ill). 90 sp. Medit., Eur., As. C. 
claviculaia DC. in Brit., a (leaf) tendril-climbing annual. Most are 
perennial herbs with underground tubers. In C. cava Schweigg. and 
Kort., and other sp. the main axis forms a tuber, which dies away 
below, each annual shoot arising from the axil of a scale-leaf of older 
date. In C. solida Sw., and others, the tuber is a swollen root- 
structure belonging to the current annual shoot. Fir. transversely 
zygomorphic (see order for diagram); only one petal is spurred and 
contains the honey secreted by a staminal outgrowth. Twisting of 
the axis through 90° brings the flr. into a vertical position. Its 
mechanism resembles that of many Leguminosae. The inner petals, 
united at the tip, enclose the stigma and anthers; the upper petal 
covers the flr. Bees alighting push down the inner petal and cause 
the essential organs to emerge. In some sp., e.g. C. ochroleuca Koch 
and C. lutea DC., the emergence is explosive (cf. Genista). The 
firs, of C. cava are self-sterile (p. 95). 
Corylopsis Sieb. et Zucc. Hamamelidaceae. 6 sp. China, Japan. 
Firs, g , in spikes with coloured bracts at base. 
Corylus (Tourn.) Linn. Betulaceae. 7 sp. N. temp. C. Avellana L., 
the Hazel-nut (Brit.) is the most familiar. The general habit is 
shrubby (largely owing to the extensive formation of suckers), with 
catkinate firs, (the ? catkin sessile and elliptical in outline, rather 
resembling a bud). Both are laid down in autumn; the <? catkins 
are visible all winter on the bushes, but the ? are not obvious until 
the red stigmas come out early in the year. Like other catkinate 
plants they are anemophilous, and the fact of flowering before the 
appearance of the leaves renders their chance of fertilisation much 
greater. On the inner side of the bract in the $ catkin are found 
2 scales and, adnate to these, 4 sta., each branched nearly to the 
base. There is present here only the central flr. of the possible 3 
(cf. diagram of order), with its bracteoles a, / 3 . In 
the ? catkin, on the other hand, we have the two stem 
laterals and not the central flr. as shown in the diagram # $ flr. # 
overleaf (* = missing flr.). At the time of fertilisation, a fi 
the ovary is very minute, but the long red stigmas are bract 
easily identified. After fertilisation, the ovary (2-loc. 
