336 
CRYPTOCORYNE 
Cryptocoryne Fisch. Araceae (vn). 20 sp. Indo-mal. Marsh plants. 
Some sp. are apparently ‘viviparous’ in their germination, like 
mangroves (p. 191, and see Goebel’s Pflanzenbiol. Schild . I. p. 
132). 
Cryptogamae. A term used to distinguish those plants which are not 
Phanerogams, or in other words do not produce seeds. All the 
higher C. exhibit Alternation of Generations (see art. Pteridophyta), 
and the distinction between them and P. depends on the fact that in 
C. the macrospore or spore falls out of its sporangium , germinates upon 
the ground or in water and gives rise to an independent ? (or g ) pro- 
thallus; in the P. (p. 56) on the other hand, the macrospore (embryo- 
sac) does not fall out of its sporangium (ovule) nor become indepen- 
dent. The result is the formation of a seed. 
The C. are fertilised by aid of usually motile 3 cells (anthero- or 
spermato-zoids) instead of the pollen-tubes of P. 
The C. are divided into 3 great groups, Thallophyta, Bryo- 
phyta, and Pteridophyta, each usually regarded as equivalent to 
Phanerogams (see p. 124). With the first two groups this book does 
not deal. For further details of C. see Pteridophyta (where further 
references will be found) and Campbell’s Mosses and Ferns. 
Cryptogamae Vasculares = Pteridophyta. 
Cryptogramme R. Br. ( Allosorus Bernh.). Polypodiaceae. 1 sp. N. 
temp., esp. Alpine, C. crispa R. Br. , the parsley fern or curled rock- 
brake, common in some districts of Brit. 
Cryptomeria D. Don. Coniferae (Arauc. 1 c; see C. for genus charac- 
ters). 1 sp., C. japonica D. Don (Japan, China), the Japanese cedar, 
often cultivated. The timber is valuable. 
Ctenanthe Eichl. Marantaceae. 7 sp. trop. Am. 
Cucubalus (Tourn.) Linn. Caryophyllaceae (1. 1). 1 sp. C . baccifei' 
L., N. temp, (introd. in Brit.). Fruit a berry. 
Cucumis (Tourn.) Linn. Cucurbitaceae (ill). 26 sp. trop. and subtrop. 
C. Melo L. is the melon, C. sativus L. the cucumber, both cultivated 
from the earliest times. The tendrils are simple and are regarded as 
of leaf nature (see order), the stem portion being suppressed. 
Cucurbita (Tourn.) Linn. Cucurbitaceae (ill). 10 sp. Am., but many 
have been so long cultivated that their origin is doubtful. For the 
tendrils see order. Firs, monoecious. The germination is interesting. 
On the lower side of the hypocotyl a peg is formed which holds one 
side of the testa firmly while the expansion of the plumule splits off 
the other side. The position of the peg is determined by gravity; if 
the seed be revolved on a klinostat during germination a ridge is 
formed all round the hypocotyl. Hence these seeds should always 
be sown with the flat surfaces horizontal. 
C. Pepo L. is the pumpkin, with its varieties the vegetable marrow 
and squash ; C. maxima Duchesne the giant pumpkin, largely culti- 
vated in N. Am. 
