480 
NEOTINEA 
Neotinea Rchb. f. = Habenaria Willd. 
Neottia Linn. Orchidaceae (4). 3 sp. temp. Eur. and As. ; N. Nidus- 
avis Rich, (bird’s-nest orchis) in Brit. It is a leafless saprophyte 
(p. 177), the rhizome giving off a great number of roots which form a 
nest-like mass in the humus, and have endotropic mycorhiza. The 
older roots may throw off their root-caps and develope into shoots (cf. 
Anthurium). Fir. as in Listera (Darwin’s Orchids , p. 125). 
Nepenthaceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Sarraceniales). Only genus 
Nepenthes (q.v.). Placed in Multiovulatae Terrestres by Benth.- 
Hooker, in Cistiflorae by Wanning. 
Nepenthes Linn. Nepenthaceae. 40 sp. Indo-mal., Madag. (pitcher 
plants). Most are herbs growing in boggy places and climbing over 
other plants by aid of tendrils, which form prolongations of the leaf- 
midribs. The end of the tendril developes as a rule into a pitcher, 
with a lid projecting forwards over the mouth, but not closing it 
except in the young state. The pitcher developes by an invagination 
of the upper surface of the tip of the leaf ; the tip takes no part in 
the development, and the lid grows out below it. The edge of the 
pitcher is curved inwards; at the entrance there are numerous honey- 
glands, and for some distance below it are other glands, sunk in little 
pits on the inner surface of the pitcher. Insects attracted by the 
honey (and often by the bright colour of the pitcher) gradually work 
their way downwards among the glands, and presently get upon the 
slippery lower part and ultimately into the water in the bottom of the 
pitcher, where they are drowned. The plant absorbs the products of 
their decay, but whether it secretes a ferment that acts upon the 
proteids, as that of Drosera does, is still an open question. 
Many sp. are epiphytic. In N. ampullaria Jack there are two 
kinds of leaves (cf. Cephalotus), some with tendrils and no pitchers \ 
others, as stalked pitchers arranged in a radical rosette. 
Firs, dioecious, regular, in racemes or with the secondary branch- 
ing cincinnal; there are no bracts. P 2 + 2; in the S flr. sta. (4 — 16) 
in a column; in the ? flr. 0(4), 4-loc. ; ovules 00, anatropous, in 
many rows. Capsule leathery, loculicidal. Seeds light with long 
hair-like processes at the ends ; embryo straight, in fleshy endosperm. 
Many sp. and hybrids are in cultivation. [See Goebel’s Pflanzenbiol. 
Sch., Macfarlane in Ann . of Bot. ill. and vii., and cf. p. 177 and 
Sarracenia, Cephalotus.] 
Nepeta Riv. ex Linn, (inch Glechoma Linn). Labiatae (vi. 3). 100 
sp. extratrop., Old World. N. Glechoma Benth. (ground-ivy) and N. 
Cataria L. (cat-mint) in Brit. The firs, are markedly gynodioecious 
(p. 68). 
Nephelium Linn. (excl. Litchi Sonner.). Sapindaceae (1). 22 sp. Indo- 
mal. N. lappaceum L., the Rambutan, is largely cultivated for its 
fruit (like that of Litchi, q.v.). N. Longana Cambess., the Longan, 
and others, are also used. [For N. Litchi Cambess. see Litchi.] 
