SARRA CENT A CEAE 
559 
syncarpous, multiloc. ; cpls. as many or twice as many as the number 
of sta. in a whorl, or more ; ovules inserted at base of axile placenta, 
one in each loc., anatropous with micropyle facing downwards; style 
simple. Fruit a berry, the flesh sometimes sclerenchymatous near 
the surface. Seeds few or one, usually albuminous ; endosperm oily ; 
testa hard and rich in tannin. 
Many S. furnish useful products, especially gutta-percha; see the 
genera below. 
Classification and chief genera (after Engler) : 
I. Palaquieae (petals without appendages) : Bassia, Payena, Pala- 
quium, Achras, Butyrospermum, Sideroxylon, Chryso- 
phyllum. 
II. Mimusopeae (petals with appendages — see above): Mimusops. 
[Placed in Ebenales by Benth. -Hooker, in Diospyrinae by 
Warming.] 
Sarcocalyx Walp. = Aspalathus Linn. 
Sarcocapnos DC. Papaveraceae (in). 3 sp. Medit. 
Sarcocaulon Sweet. Geraniaceae. 4 sp. S. Afr. Xerophytes with 
fleshy stems. When the leaf falls it leaves behind the base of the 
petiole which hardens into a thorn (p. 20). 
Sarcococca Lindl. Buxaceae. 4 sp. E. Ind., Malaya. 
Sarcocolla Linn. Penaeaceae. 4 sp. Cape Colony. 
Sarcodes Torr. Pyrolaceae. 1 sp. California. 
Sarcoglottis Presl = Spiranthes Rich. 
Sarcostemma R. Br. Asclepiadaceae (11. 2). 12 sp. Afr., E. Ind., 
Austr. Leafless xerophytes with slightly fleshy stems. 
Sarothamnus Wimm. = Cytisus Linn. 
Sarracenia Linn. Sarraceniaceae. 6 sp. Atlantic N. Am. (side-saddle 
flowers), in sunny marshy places. Low herbs with rosettes of radical 
leaves; each leaf is represented by a long narrow pitcher with a flat 
green wing of tissue on the ventral side, serving chiefly for assimila- 
tion. The general structure of the pitcher is closely similar to that 
found in Nepenthes; it has a fixed lid projecting over the mouth, and 
the lip is usually turned down inwards. The mouth of the pitcher 
bears numerous honey-glands; below these comes the ‘slide-zone,’ 
then the zone of hairs (cf. Nepenthes), and at the bottom is water in 
which the insects are drowned (see p. 178). The pitchers are often 
brightly coloured. It should be noted that in S. the entire leaf is 
transformed into a pitcher, while in Nepenthes it is only part of the 
leaf, and in Cephalotus only certain leaves. [See literature quoted on 
P- 177-3 
Sarraceniaceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Sarraceniales). 3 gen. with 
8 sp. Am. Insectivorous pitcher-plants (see gen.) with rosettes of 
radical leaves and $ regular firs. K 9 — 8 — 5, spiral, if > 5 the outer 3 
small ; C as many as inner sepals and alt. with them, or o ; A 00 ; 
G (6 — 5 — 3) with 00 anatropous ovules on inrolled cpl. -walls. 
