TILLAEA 
5 S 9 
Tigridia Juss. Iridaceae (n). 7 sp. Mexico, Cent. Am. T. Pavonia 
Ker-Gawl. (tiger-flower) is common in gardens. The flrs. only last 
8 — 12 hours. 
Tilia (Tourn.) Linn. Tiliaceae. 10 sp. N. Temp. T. platyphyllos 
Scop, and other sp. of lime are found, native or planted, in Brit. 
Note the leaf-mosaic (see order). The flrs. are arranged in little 
cymes, arising from the axils of the leaves of the current year; the 
axillary growing point elongates transversely, giving rise to two buds, 
one of which forms the infl., the other the bud for the next year’s 
growth. The further development of the infl. is too complex for 
description without figures, but throughout it there occurs ‘adnation’ 
of bracts to the axes arising in their axils, a peculiarity particularly 
noticeable in the first leaf of the infl. -axis, which forms a wing, cover- 
ing the flrs. from rain and serving to distribute the fruits. [For details 
see Nat. PJi.'] Honey is secreted at the base of the sepals. The flrs. 
are protandrous and dependent upon insects for their fertilisation; they 
are largely visited by bees &c., and form a valuable source of honey. 
The fruit is a nut. The endosperm is very oily, and it has recently 
been proposed to utilise it commercially. The wood of lime and of 
T. americana L. (bass-wood) is useful. The leaves are usually covered 
with honey-dew (see Acer). 
Tiliaceae. Dicotyledons (Archichl. Malvales). 35 gen. with 380 sp. 
trop. and temp., chiefly in S.E. As. and Brazil. Trees or shrubs, 
rarely herbs, with alt. stip. leaves, often showing a well-marked 
2-ranked arrangement. In the trees the shoots spread out horizontally 
and the insertions of the leaves are upon the upper half, so that the 
divergence is not J. The end bud of the branch does not develope 
in the next year. Frequently the leaf is asymmetrical, with the 
smaller side towards the branch. In the herbaceous forms the leaves 
are in two ranks diverging at a right angle; torsion of the leaves 
occurs later on and produces a dorsiventrality. [See pp. 46, 47.] The 
infl. is always, at least after the first branching, cymose, and often 
very complex, eg. in Tilia and Triumfetta (q.v.). 
Fir. usually $ , regular, 5 — 4-merous. K 5 or (5), valvate; C 5, 
rarely o, often glandular at base ; A usually 00 , free or united in 
groups, inserted at base of petals or on androphore, with dithecous 
anthers; G (2 — 00), 2 — oo-loc.,with r — 00 ovules in each loc. ; ovules 
usually ascending, ± anatropous ; style simple, with capitate or lobed 
stigma. Seeds albuminous. The T. yield useful timber, jute (Cor- 
chorus) and other fibre. Chief genera: Corchorus, Sparmannia, Tilia, 
Grewia, Triumfetta. Benth. -Hooker unite Elaeocarpaceae to T. and 
place the order in Malvales; Warming places it in Columniferae. The 
most constant distinction from Malvaceae is in the dithecous anthers, 
from Theaceae in the valvate calyx, &c. 
Tillaea Mich, ex Linn. Crassulaceae. 26 sp. temp, and trop. (1 Brit.). 
United to Crassula in Nat. PJI. 
