pala:oenis toeqttat:US. 
(THE ROSE-RINGED PARRAKEET.) 
Psittacus iorqiiatus, Bodd. Tabl. PI. Enl. p. 32 (1783). 
Psittaca torquata, Brisson, Orn. iv. p. 323 (1760). 
Psittacus alexandri, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 141 (1760). 
Paloeornis torquatus, Yig. Zool. Journ. ii. p. 50 (1825); Sykes, P. Z. S. 18 , p. > 
Cat. B. S. India, Madr. Journ. 1840, xi. p. 207 ; Blyth, Ann. & Mag. Nat. ist. , xn. 
p 90 ; id. Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. p. 4 (1849) ; Gray, Cat. Maxnm. &c. Nepal Coll. Hodgs. 
p. 113 (1846); Kelaart, Prodromns, Cat. p. 127(1852); Layard, Ann. & Mag. Nat. 
Hist. 1854, xiii. p. 262; Horsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 611 (18 ); 
Jerdon, B. of Ind. i. p. 257 (1862) ; Holdsworth, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 425 ; Hume, Str. 
Feath. 1873, p. 170 ; id. Nests and Eggs, Rough Draft, p. 116 (1873); Ball, Str. Feath. 
1874, p. 389 ; Legge, Ibis, 1874, p. 14, et 1875, p. 282 ; Butler, Str. Feath. 1875, p. 457. 
La Perruche a collier, BufFon, PI. Enl. p. 551 ; Alexandrine Parrakeet , Latham ; La Perruche 
a collier rose, BufFon, Hist. Oiseaux ; The Pose-collared Parrakeet , Kelaart ; Mango Parrot 
in India ; Small Green Parrot and Ping-necked Parrakeet, Europeans in Ceylon. 
Tim Bengal; Gallar, Hind, in N.W. Provinces ; Tenthia suga, Nepal; Lyhar, Mussooree; 
Vo and derail, Mahrattas ; Lyhar tota, Hind. Shikarees in South ; Chilluka, Telegu ; 
Killi, Tamil ; Teea-tota, natives of Maunbhoom. 
Pana girawa, Sinhalese. 
Adult male. Length to front of cere 13-5 to 16-1 inches ; admen upper mandible 0-5. 
tail 8-2 to 9-8 ; tarsus 0-5 ; outer anterior toe 095, claw (straight) 0 38 , giea . _ g JT , sever al 
Adults of this Parrakeet vary extraordinarily in size, evidently attaining the maximum 
years old. The smaller of the above measurements, which are taken from a senes of Ceylonese birds, those 
individual in fully adult dress. . , , 
Iris yellowish white or white tinged faintly with yellow; bill, upper mandible deep red, margin at gape and 
mandible blackish; legs and feet dusky bluish slate or greenish olivaceous, often with a brownish wash on 
AbovTlnd beneath grass-green, with a greyish wash on the hind neck and chest, and the lower parts more delicate 
than the back; a well-defined blackish streak from nostril to eye; a black mandibular stripe meeting on the 
gorge, and curving round as in the last to meet a collar of pale red on the hmd neck (the black and red over ap 
more than in the last species) ; occiput and hind neck above the collar with the upper edge of the black stripe at 
the cheek washed with delicate azure-blue; inner webs of quills brown, with a fine yellowish edging to both webs ; 
the central rectrices and outer webs of next pair are blue, fading towards the base to green ; the rest green, washed 
on the inner webs with yellowish; tips and under surface of all the feathers yellowish; under wing yellowish 
green ; tertiary under-coverts yellow. 
Female. Total length about 1 6‘0 inches; wing 6-0. Soft parts as in male. 
Similar in plumage, but wants the black stripe and rose collar, in place of which latter it has a narrow emerald-green 
band across the hind neck. 
Younq The nestling is similar to the female, and males attain in the first year a size quite equal to adults of the 
other sex. There is a dusky indication of the black stripe, and on obtaining the dress of maturity the feathers 
above the green collar become edged with rose, and a narrow edging of black begins to appear where the broa 
black stripe eventually is put on. At the same time the hind neck becomes tinged with azure-blue. 
Obs. Ceylonese examples of this Parrakeet average smaller than Indian. I have not met with a male which exceeded 
