ANTHRACOCEROS CORONATUS. 
273 
Adult male. Length 36-0 inches ; wing 13-0 to 13-3 ; tail 13-0 ; tarsus 2-5 ; middle toe 2 - 1 . its claw (straight) 075; 
hind toe 1-1, its claw (straight) 0-8 ; bill from gape to tip across the arc 7‘0, casque along ridge 7*5 to 9*o, 
height of bill with casque 4-0. 
Adult female. Length 34-5 inches ; wing 12-75 i tail 14-0 ; bill from gape to tip across arc 6-8, casque along the 
ridge 7*0 to 8-5. 
The casque projects bach over the crown and gradually becomes compressed to a sharp edge at its anterior part, which 
recedes downwards to the mandible, joining it about 2| inches from the tip. 'I he size of the projection forward 
beyond the point of contact and the consequent angle of connexion depend on age. 
Iris crimson; eyelid black; orbital skin and gular region “fleshy;” bill and casque fleshy white ; above and beneath 
the gape, the posterior face of the casque and its anterior three fourths black, the colour never descending onto 
the mandible, and not reaching quite to the anterior edge of the casque ; legs and feet blackish leaden colour ; 
edges of tarsal scales whitish, soles yellowish. 
In the female the black at the gape does not extend to the upper mandible, nor is the posterior edge of the casque 
black. , , , . 
Entirely glossy green-black, except the under surface from the chest downwards, the terminal portion ot the secondaries 
and all but the first two primaries, the three outer tail-feathers, and terminal half of next pair, all of which parts 
are pure white ; base of primaries whitish. 
In some examples the tips of some of the tertials are white, as also those of the centre tail-feathers ; while the 4th 
tail-feather is sometimes entirely white, and the corresponding one perhaps of the normal colour. 
Young. In the- bird of the year the casque is partly undeveloped, the posterior edge is perpendicular, and the anterior 
portion grades into the bill, the curve of the ridge being continuous with that of the tip. In the second year 
the anterior projection of the casque begins to develop. The bill is devoid of the black, there being merely a 
dusky patch at the gape and a slight dark wash near the anterior portion of the casque. 
A male shot at Jaffna measures wing 12-3 inches ; tail 13-2 ; tarsus 2-5 ; bill across arc, gape lo tip 5-4, along 
gape 5*5. 
A female i— wing 11*8 inches ; tail 11*5 ; tarsus 2-5 ; bill, gape to tip across arc, 4-85. 
The terminal 2 inches of the primaries only are white, while in the adult this colour extends to 3 inches from the 
tip; on the secondaries the white diminishes to | inch on the innermost feather. 
Obs. Ceylonese individuals are quite as fine as those from India. Mr. Ball gives the wing of a Chota-Nagpur ma e 
as only 11-25 inches, and the bill from gape 6-2. The present species is closely allied to A. malabancus, which 
has been described under the names of Hydrocissa albirostris and II. affinis, and frequently referred to by these 
titles in the w r ritings of Indian naturalists. It differs from the present species in the slightly smaller casque, 
which has the black patch extending onto the upper mandible , and in the coloration of the tail-feathers, the three 
outer pairs of which have the terminal portions only white instead of being entirely so, as in A. coronatus. 
Distribution . — This fine Hornbill frequents the wild dry jungle-districts of the low country, perhaps 
ascending into the Haputalc rauge and up the eastern slopes of Madulsima, Medamalianuwara, and the 
Knuckles to some elevation during the N.E. monsoon. Commencing in the sontli, its range begins in the 
Hambantota district, where it is numerous, and, taking in all the forest-country up to Lemastota, extends 
northward through the eastern and northern portions of the island of Jaffna. Down the west coast it is 
found as far south as Cliilaw and the Seven Korales ; hut near Kurunegala itself I w-as unable to detect its 
presence, although I searched diligently for it. I have seen specimens from the Kurunegala district ; hut I 
imagine they must have been killed nearer Puttalam than that place, for Mr. Parker tells me that it is found 
at Uswewa, hut probably does not extend further inland than Nikerawcttiya. It occurs throughout the 
interior of the north-central part of the island, but not so commonly as near the coast, along w r hicli it is 
always more abundant than further inland. 
Layard speaks of a second species of Pied Hornbill which he said he saw' twice in the hills ; he supposed 
it to be the Buceros albirostris, above referred to. Ou one occasion his collector ff Muttu ” saw it at 
Gillymally in forest. As will he seen, the slight differences existing in this species are not such as could 
ensure its identification on the wing ; and I am therefore of opinion that Layard must have met with the 
immature of the present bird, the peculiar bill of which might have led to the supposed identification of a 
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