TOCKUS GINGALENSIS. 
277 
I have never been able to procure any information concerning its nesting beyond the native assertion that 
it breeds in hollow trees like the last species. 
The figures in the Plate represent an adult in the foreground, and an immature bird (placed by the artist, 
failing a knowledge of its habits, upon a cocoanut-tree) in the background. The feet and legs, I regiet to 
say, have been coloured much too dark. 
P I C A 11 1 M. 
Fam. UPUPIM. 
Bill very slender, long, and curved from the base. Wings rounded. Tail moderately long, 
even or rounded at the tip. Tarsi short. Feet with three toes in front and one behind. Tongue 
small and heart-shaped. Sternum with either a notch on each side of the posterior edge or a 
foramen in place of a notch. 
Subfam. UPUPIN^E. 
Bill more slender and longer than in Irrisorinoe. Wings with ten primaries, fail with ten 
feathers. Tarsus shielded in front with broad transverse scales. 
Sternum with an open notch on each side of the posterior edge. Head crested. 
Of terrestrial habits. 
Genus UPUPA. 
Bill typically long and slender, much compressed ; gape rather wide. Nostrils round, partially 
concealed by the plumes. Wings with the 4th quill the longest, and the 1st a little more than 
half the length of the 4th. Tail even. Tarsus equal to the middle toe without the claw. Outer 
toe joined to the middle one at the base, and considerably longer than the inner ; hind toe equal 
to the inner one, its claw long and straight. 
Crest very large and deep. 
