PORZANA BAILLONI. 
(BAILLON’S CRAKE.) 
Eallas bailloni, Yieill. Nouv. Diet, xxviii. p. 548 (1819). 
Crex pygmcea, Naum. Yog. Deutsch. ix. p. 567, pi. 239 (1838). 
Zapornia bailloni (Yieill.), Gould, B. of Europe, p. 344 (1837). 
Porzana pygmcea (Naum.), Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. p. 284 (1849) ; Layard, Ann. & Mag. 
Nat. Hist. 1854, xiv. p. 267 ; Jerdon, B. of Ind. iii. p. 723 (1864) ; Schlegel, Mus. Pays- 
Bas, Ralli, p. 30 (1865); Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 414; Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, 
p. 476; Hume, Lahore to Yarkand, p. 293 (1873); Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. ix. 
p. 230 (1875) ; Howard Irby, B. of Gibraltar, p. 143 (1875); Scully, Str. Feath. 1876, 
p. 193 ; Blanford, Str. Feath. 1877, p. 247. 
Ortygometra pygmcea ( Naum.), Gray, Gen. P>. iii. p. 593 ; Gurney, Ibis, 1865, p. 273 ; Shelley, 
B. of Egypt, p. 275 (1872); Yon Heuglin, Orn. N.Ost-Afr. ii. p. 1236 (1874); Hume, 
Str. Feath. 1874, p. 301. 
Zapornia pygmcea (Naum.), Hume, Nests and Eggs, iii. p. 603 (1875) ; Butler, Str. Feath. 
1877, p. 215. 
Porzana bailloni (Vieill.), Davison & Hume, Str. F. 1878 (B. of Ten.), p. 467 ; Ball, ibid. vii. 
p. 229; Dresser, B. Eur. pt. 65, 66 (1878); Plume, Str. F. 1879 (List B. Ind.), p. 113. 
Pygmy Rail, Pygmy Crake of some authors. Polios de Agua, Spanish (Saunders) ; Polluela, 
Spanish (Irby); Himi-kuina, Japanese (Blakiston and Pryer); Tsing-tsuy, lit. “Green 
bill,” Chinese (Swinhoe). 
Adult male, and female. Length 7'0 to 7-4 inches ; wing 3-5 to 3-8 ; tail 1-3 to 1-6 ; tarsus 1-1 ; middle toe 1-3 ; bill 
to gape 078 to 08. 
These measurements are taken from a series of Ceylon, Chinese, Bornean, and European examples. 
Dr. Scully gives the following measurements of a Yarkand example : — Length 7'3 inches ; wing 3’6 ; tarsus LI ; bill 
from gape 085. 
Captain Shelley’s measurements are : — Length 6'5 inches ; wing 4-0 ; tarsus 1-1 culmen 0'7. 
Iris red ; bill, upper mandible dark green, lower paler ; legs and feet olive-greenish, toes slightly dusky, claws brown. 
“ Bill dull sap-green” {Everett, MS.). Bill brownish olive-green (Colombo, Dec. 1876). 
Male (Bintulu, Borneo : winter). General colour of hind neck, back, wing-coverts, and tail yellowish olive-green, the 
feathers of the head, hind neck, back, and scapulars with black centres, and those of the back and scapulars with 
broad margins of white on one web, which is likewise mottled with black ; on the wing-coverts and tertials there 
are oblique white bars surrounded by black edges ; primaries and secondaries brown, edged with olive ; a broad 
slate- coloured stripe above the eye ; face grey, tinged with slaty ; lores and a stripe above the eye and the sides 
of the neck rusty olivaceous ; immediately in front of the eye a blackish spot ; throat whitish, blending into the 
pale slaty of the fore neck and chest ; sides of the breast rusty olive, changing to blackish on the lower flanks, 
abdomen, and under tail-coverts, all of which parts are barred with white ; under wing-coverts brownish, barred 
w r ith white ; edge of 1st primary white. 
An example procured in Ceylon in 1876 corresponds with the above; the chin and gorge are w'hitish, blending into 
the surrounding slaty bluish of the sides of the throat, chest, and upper breast. 
These examples are probably not mature, owing to the white on the chin. 
Adult (Holland). Throat, fore neck, and whole face with the ear-coverts slaty bluish ; no w'hite on the chin ; lower 
parts blacker than in the above. A Shanghai example has the slaty colour of the neck and chest bluer than in 
the Bornean bird ; the chin is whitish. 
