TOTANUS GLAEEOLA. 
(THE WOOD-SANDPIPER.) 
Tringa glareola, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 250 (1766). 
Totanus glareola (L.), Temm. Man. p. 421 (1815); Gould, B. of Europe, pi. 315 (1837) ; 
Middendorff, Sibir. Reise, ii. p. 215 (1853) ; Schrenck, Reisen u. Forsch. Amur-L. i. 
p. 416 (1860); Schl. Mus. P.-B. Scolopaces, p. 71 (1864); Layard, B. of S. Afr. 
no. 614 (1867) ; Swinkoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 406 ; Shelley, B. of Egypt, p. 259 (1872) ; 
Gould, B. of Gt. Brit. iv. pi. 57 (1873); Salvadori, Uccelli di Born. p. 327 (1874); 
Hancock, B. of North, p. 121 (1874) ; Von Heuglin, Orn. N.Ost-Afr. ii. p. 1163 (1874) ; 
Hume, Str. Feath. 1874, p. 298; Irby, B. of Gibraltar, p. 167 (1875); Legge, Ibis, 
1875, p. 276; Seebohm & Harvie Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 291 ; Dresser, B. of Europe, 
pt. 57, 58 (1877) ; Blakiston & Pryer, Ibis, 1878, p. 220 ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1879, p. 152. 
Totanus affinis, Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 191 (1821) ; Gray & Hardw. 111. Ind. Zool. 
pi. 51. fig. 2 ; Sclater, P. Z. S. 1873, p. 222. 
Bhyacophilus glareola (Linn.), Kaup, Nat. Syst. p. 140 (1829) ; Walden, Trans. Zool. Soc. 
1875, ix. p. 233 ; Plume, Str. I'eath. 1878 (B. of Tenass.), p. 462, 1878, vii. p. 488, et 
1879, pp. 70, 113 (List Ind. B.). 
Tringa littorea, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-As. p. 195 (1810). 
Actitis glareola (Linn.), Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. p. 267 (1849); Layard, Ann. & Mag. 
Nat. Hist. 1854, xiv. p. 265 ; Jerdon, B. of Ind. iii. p. 697 (1864) ; Holdsw. P. Z. S. 
1872, p. 474; Legge, J. A. S. (Ceylon Branch), 1873, p. 53; id. Ibis, 1874, p. 29; 
Butler & Hume, Str. Feath. 1876, p. 17 ; Armstrong, t. c. p. 344 ; Ball, ibid. 1878, 
vii. p. 228. 
Shore- Sandpiper, Penn. Arct. Zool. ; Spotted Sandpiper of some ; Sandpiper, Snippet, Sports- 
men in Ceylon; Wald- Uferlaiifer, German. Kodidi, Malay (Blyth); ChupJca, Hind. ; 
Chinna-ulanka, Telugu (Jerdon) ; Junggit batang, Borneo (Mottley) ; Rotan, Tamil. 
Sili 'watinva, Sinhalese. 
Adult male and female (Ceylon). Length 8 - 4 to 8'7 inches ; wing 4-8 to 5-0 : tail 2-0 ; tarsus 1-4 to 1-6 ; middle toe 
and claw 1-25 to 1‘3; bill to gape 1-15 to 1-3. This species varies much in bulk, length of bill, and tarsus, but 
not in wing. 
Iris light or yellowish brown ; bill blackish or deep black-green, with the base beneath round the nostrils greenish 
yellow ; legs and feet yellowish olivaceous, the joints and toes darker ; in some the tarsus has a prevailing 
greenish tint. 
Winter plumage (Ceylon). Head, hind neck, upper back, wing-coverts, and tertials dark olive-brown, passing into 
blackish brown on the rump ; the hind neck and head edged narrowly with greyish, the remaining parts with 
marginal -whitish spots blending into the brown, and with interspaces of blackish brown ; these spots are most 
pronounced on the longer scapulars and tertials ; quills deep brown, 1st primary-shaft white ; the secondaries 
and their greater coverts with white tips and terminal edges ; centre tail-feathers brown, closely barred with dusky 
whitish ; remainder white, barred with blackish brown, chiefly on the outer webs of the lateral feathers ; upper 
tail-coverts white, the longer feathers barred near the tip with blackish brown ; a dark stripe through the lores, 
supercilium, round the eye, cheeks, chin, throat, and under surface white, washed on the chest and striped on 
the cheeks with brown ; the feathers of the chest likewise with brown strise ; lateral under tail-coverts barred 
