864 
TOT ANUS OCMEOPUS. 
Turning eastward, we find Mr. Oates recording it as common in Pegu ; but it was not observed in the 
Irrawaddy delta by Mr. Armstrong. In Tenasserim it is not common, and is only recorded by Mr. Hume 
from Amherst and Thatone. From the Andamans, Nicobars, and Malay Peninsula it is wanting, in all of 
which localities, as we have seen, the Wood-Sandpiper is found. 
Swinhoe says that it is found throughout China and Formosa, and he specifics the Hoehow Marsh in 
Hainan as a place which it haunts in April ; he obtained it at Takow, Pekin, and Foochoo. Pere David 
remarks that it occurs in China at all seasons. In Japan Messrs. Blakiston and Pryer say that it is common 
at Yezo ; and here it most likely summers. It inhabits the shores of the Sea of Okhotsk, and was shot by 
Von Middcndorff at the mouth of the Amoor on the 5th of May ; a day later it was procured in the same year 
far up the river, on its tributary the Scliilka. Schrenclc procured it on the 4th of the month in question in 
the Stanowoi Mountains ; so that the time of arrival from the south to breed in these distant northeily regions 
(lat. 52°-55 c ) must be the end of April. Mr. Seebohm shot the first example of the season (1877) on the loth 
of June in the Yenesay valley as far north as the Arctic circle; and it was by no means common, he remarks, 
in that latitude : in August he found it abundant at Yenesaisk, further south (58° N. lat.). Col. Prjevalsky 
says that it occurs throughout Mongolia, except the Ala-shan mountains, and arrives there about the middle 
of April, but does not stay to breed, although some may be seen in the Hoang-ho valley in July. In Kan-su 
it was observed once in September, but never in Koko-nor. It is common in spring in Ussuri after about the 
20th of April, frequenting Lake Hanka, and leaving in August. It winters in Kashgar, as Dr. Stoliczka found 
it common there at that season; and of its location there we further learn from Dr. Scully that it was 
« common near Kashgar during the first half of the winter, and was often seen at Yarkand near streams, 
pools, and swamps from March to August, ascending the hills to 13,000 feet in the latter month.” Dr. 
Severtzoff writes that it occurs in winter in the district of the Tliian-Shan mountains, in Turkestan, up to an 
altitude of 10,000 feet, and that it breeds in the same locality up to about 6000 feet. In Persia Mr. Blanford 
procured it at Shiraz, which has an elevation of 6000 feet above the sea ; and he also notes it as being observed 
at 3500 feet in Baluchistan. In Palestine, where it winters, Canon Tristram saw it as late as June, long aftei 
all the Sandpipers had left. In the peninsula of Sinai it was obtained by Mr. Claude Wyatt in the winter ; 
and Mr. Danford writes of it wintering in the ravines of Cydnus, in Asia Minor. In South-eastern Europe, 
though it does not breed there, it is found very late in the season, for Mr. G. C. Taylor observed it in July ; 
and Mr. W. H. Simpson says that it remains in Greece until the breeding-season. It is a constant resident 
along the north of the Mediterranean, but in some places likewise remains into the summer months. In 
Malta it occurs on passage, but is sometimes also seen in June. At Gibraltar Col. Irby has seen it in every 
month except July ; and he suggests that it may breed in Spain. It was obtained in Seville by Mr. Howard 
Saunders in January; and in Portugal it is rare, according to the Rev. A. Smith. In Macedonia it is said by 
Mr. Elwes to be the commonest Sandpiper which frequents the marshes there. In parts of Transylvania (Rea) 
it is abundant in autumn ; and Herr Buda Adam says that he has seen it in summer, but has not succeeded 
in ascertaining whether it breeds there or not. It is not so common in Great Britain as the Wood- Sandpiper, 
chiefly occurring on passage in the autumn; it occurs on both the Scottish coasts, and has been seen as a 
straggler in Ireland at all seasons. In France and Holland it is a migrant, as also in Southern Germany. It 
is a summer resident in North-east Germany, not breeding further west than Oldenburg. In Denmark gene- 
rally it occurs as a migrant in spring and autumn; but some remain in Jutland in the summer. It arrives 
in Scandinavia in April and remains till September, being quite common in parts of the Dovrefeld, and 
breeding as far north as the Arctic circle. It is found rarely in Finland, and ranges in Northern Russia as 
far north as Archangel. Though found in the Ural range, it does not seem to breed there. 
In North Africa it is rather plentiful. We have Col. Irby’s authority for M. Favier’s statement that it 
is not uncommon in the neighbourhood of Tangier, appearing in August and September from the north, and 
departing in February and March. Air. Gurney found them numerous at Laghouat, in Algeria, in April ; 
and in Egypt it is abundant and evenly distributed, according to Capt. Shelley. It arrives there, says Von 
Heuglin, in August and September, and then ascends the Nile; this naturalist procured it in Abyssinia and 
on the coast of the Red Sea, and met with it as far south as lat. 8°. On the western side of the continent it 
has been obtained in Gaboon ; and Capt. Shelley found it plentiful at Cape Coast and Accra. 
It is not uncommon in South Africa, inhabiting certain localities which are suited to its habits. Layard 
