Genus EHIPIDUEA. 
Bill compressed suddenly near the tip, culmen raised; rictal bristles very long ; nasal bristles 
well developed. Wings with the 1st quill about half the length of the 2nd; 4th the longest. 
1 ail exceeding the wing, and expanding towards the tip; lateral feathers graduated. Tarsus 
longer than the middle toe. 
KHIPIDUKA ALBIPEONTATA. 
(THE WHITE-FRONTED PANTAIL.) 
BMpidura albofrontata, Frankl. F. Z. S. 1831, p. 116 ; Horsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus E I 
Co. i. p. 145 (1854). 
Leucocerca albofrontata, Jerd. Madr. Journ. 1840, xi. p. 12 ; id. 111. Ind. Orn. pi. 2 (1847) ; 
Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. p. 206 (1849) ; Hume, Nests and Eggs, i. p. 201 (1873)- 
Ball, Str. Feath. 1874, p. 404. 
Leucocerca compresdrostris, Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1849, xviii. p. 815; Kelaart, Prodromus, 
Cat. p. 123 (1852); Layard, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1854, xiii. p. 126; Jerdon B. of 
Ind. i. p, 483 (1862). 
Leucocerca aureola, Blyth, Ibis, 1866, p. 370 ; Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 440; Hume, Str. 
Feath. 1873, pp. 178, 436, et 1875, p. 104. 
Rhipidura albifrontata, Sharpe, Cat. B. iv. p. 338 (1879). 
The White-browed Fantail, Jerdon ; Fantail, Europeans in Ceylon Shamchiri, Hind, in North- 
west; Machartja, lit. “Mosquito-catcher,” Hind, in South; Manati, lit. “Washerman,” 
Malabar. ’ 
Marawa, Sinhalese. 
Adult male and fmmh. Length 6-8 to 7-1 inches ; Tving 3-0 to 3-25 ; tail 3-2 to 3-4 ; tarsus 0-7 to 0-8 ; mid toe and 
claw O‘o5 ; bill to gape 0-65 to 0-7. 
Ins brown ; bill black, pale at base beneath ; legs and feet blackish brown or black, in some wood-brown. 
Crown, nape, lores, throat, and face black, blending on the hind nape into the cinereous blackish brown of the upper 
surface ; wings and tad brown ; forehead and a very broad band over the eye to the nape, under surface from the 
throat down, and terminal portion of all but the centre tail-feathers pure white; the white of the lateral rectrices 
occupies 1 s major portion, varying from 1‘4 to 1-6 inch on the inner web, and running up the outer web to the 
ase , wing-coverts with termiii.ol white spots ; chin and gorge edged white, which varies much in extent, occupying 
in some individuals the lower part of the cheeks ; quills blackish brown ; wing-lining black, edged or barred with 
The hue of the upper Pl)«nage fades wdh time, and scarcely any two specimens appear to be exactly alike; in such 
abraded p umage the head is blackish brown, and the back dark cinereous brown, with the wing-eovert tips much 
reduced in size* In some specimens the white supercilium meets, though imperfectly, round the nape. 
roanp (India). A specimen m nestling plumage has the eye-stripe narrower than the adult, the feathers, as well as the 
adjacent blackish ones on the occiput, slightly tipped with rufous; scapulars, back-feathers, tertials, and wing- 
coverts tipped Tvnth rufous ; the white on the tail-feathers reduced; the throat blackish, but not so dark as in the 
adult, and less tipped with white ; under surface white, tinged with buff. 
Ols. Blyth separated the Ceylonese bird from the Indian, alleging that its bill was more compressed and that it had 
ess w 1 on . e tail. I imagine he was led to these conclusions by an examination of immature specimens, for I 
