STUENIA PAGODAETJM. 
(THE BUAHMINY MYNA.) 
Turdus pagodarimi, Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. p. 816 (1788). 
Te'tnenuchus pagodarum (Gmel.), Cabanis, Cat. B. Mus. Hein. i. p. 204 (1851) ; Jerdon, B. of 
Ind. ii. p. 329 (1863) ; Holdsw. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 462 ; Adam, Str. Feath. 1873, p. 386 ; 
Hume, Nests and Eggs, ii. p. 432 (1874) ; Ball, Str. Feath. 1874, p. 419 ; Legge, Ibis, 
1875, p. 398. 
Pastor pagodarum (Gmel.), Wagler, Syst. Av. Pastor, sp. 8 (1827) ; Sykes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 95. 
Sturnia pagodarum (Gmel.), Blyth, J. A. S. B. 1844, xiii. p. 363 ; id. Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. 
p. 110 (1849) ; Fairbank, Str. Feath. 1877, p. 407 ; Ball, ibid. 1878, vii. p. 221. 
Hetcerornis pagodarum (Gmel.), Gray, Gen. Birds, ii. p. 335 (1846); Kelaart, Prodromus, Cat. 
p. 125 (1852) ; Layard, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 1854, xiii. p. 217. 
The BlacJc-headed Myna, Jerdon, B. of India; The Pagoda Starling, Pagoda Myna (Ke- 
laart). Popoya Maina, Hind. (Jerdon); Monghyr Paioi, Bengal.; Puhaia, Upper 
Provinces of India (Blyth) ; Martintro, Portuguese in Ceylon. 
Adult male and female. Length 8-0 to 8-3 inches; wing 4‘1 to 4-3; tail 2-3 to 2-7 ; tarsus 1-05 to 1-2; middle toe 
and claw 1-1 ; bill to gape 1-05. 
Iris white or greenish white ; bill with the basal half blue, which extends to the inside of the mouth, terminal half 
gamboge-yellow ; legs and feet pale or sickly yellow ; claws yellow. 
Lores, head above, round the gape, and point of chin shining black, the feathers of the occiput and nape much attenuated 
and very long, forming a crest I'o inch long in fine examples, and which reaches down to the back; neck, throat, 
and all beneath, except the abdomen, red-buff, the centres of the feathers on the thi'oat, chest, and hind neck, 
where they are attenuated as in the crest, paler; back, wing-coverts, tertials, the greater part of outer secondary 
webs, lower flanks, thighs, and central tail-feathers dove-grey, the latter with a shade of brown; primaries, 
winglet, inner part of secondaries, and remaining tail-feathers brown-black, the primaries washed with greyish at 
their tips; under wing-coverts and tips of tail-feathers white, which extends half up the lateral pair; abdomen 
and imder tail-coverts white, washed with buff. 
In abraded plumage the centres of the throat aud chest-feathers become very light, giving a striated appearance to 
these parts. 
Young. Birds of the year in nestling plumage have the iris bluish white, slightly mottled, aud with a dark inner rim ; 
the bill coloured as in the adult, but with the colours duller ; feet uot so yellow. 
The head is brown and crestless and dusky ashy grey in colour ; the wing-coverts and tertials pervaded with brownish 
aud the quills not so black as in the adult; beneath, the throat and breast are fawn-grey, paling to albescent on 
the belly and under tail-coverts. Before acquiring the adult dress the grey plumage appears to become paler ; and 
during the change examples may be obtained in a curious-looking attire, some having the whole of the lower parts 
(both on the breast and back) in adolescent plumage, sharply defined against the duller lines of the head and neck 
in the dress of the nesthng. 
Ohs. Indian specimens from the Himalayas southwards are identical with Ceylonese ; they vary inter se in the length 
of the crest (probably due to age), intensity of the red under-surface coloration, distinctness of the chest- and 
neck-strise, and the amount of white at the tips of the tail-feathers. Mr. Ball gives the dimensions of a Chota- 
Nagpur example (Sirguja) as — wing 4'2 inches, tail 2’8, tarsus I'l ; two males in the national collection from the 
H.'Wr. Provinces have the wings 4-1 and 4-3 inches, and the bills to gape 0-95 and 0-96 inch respectively ; one from 
Kamptee — wing 4’2 inches, bill 0'98 inch ; two from the N.W. Himalayas wings 4'1 and 4-2 inches, bills 0‘92 and 
0‘96 : the latter has an unusually long crest (1-9 inch), and the coloration of the underparts very rich, with 
the strisB scarcely indicated. 
