SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
125 
farm, then deducted from the receipts, will give the net 
income of the farm. 
You will see from the above table, that my investment 
in farming — land, negroes, stock of ail kind, plantation 
tools, provisions, &c., &c. — amounts S33,871. The gross 
income cotton, corn, bacon, wheat, potatoes, oats, 
shucks, fodder, &c , &c., sold from the farm during the 
year — amount to $6, 395. 70 ; increase and growth of ne- 
groes, $850; income of stock, &c , $390 Making the 
sum of $7,035.70 
Expenses of all kinds off $2,103. 17 
will give $5,532. 53-100, or 16 12 per cent, on capital 
invested. Pretty good for poor piney woods 
Farmers, if they would give their farms credit for what 
they are entitled to, would be better satisfied than they 
seem to be. I feel well assured that it is the very best 
business for making money of all the vocations. I have 
given my farming profits to the public for the last four 
years, not with the view of letting the country know what 
I was making, so much as to induce farmers to investigate 
for themselves. Thos. M. Turner, 
Sparta, Ga , Feb. 15, 1859. 
CARE OF HORSES. 
We may not hope to remove existing evils, simply by 
-calling attention to them, but we can point them out, and 
leave the work of reform to whom it belongs. Let us 
confine ourselves, in this brief article, to some of the more 
prominent features in the care of horses. 
Assuming that an animal which has good treatment, 
will be sound and healthy, while one does not receive this 
care will be diseased, we are led to, believe that to pro- 
mote the health and comfort, and to secure the kind (reat- 
naent of animals under his charge, should be the constant 
aim of the breeder. It does not necessarily injure a horse 
to work, or to trot fast, provided he receives good care 
after performing the labor. The practice is an inhuman 
one, of driving aharsefast, and then putting him in the 
stable without a good brushing; or letting him stand 
where cold wind or night air comes upon him, without 
throwing a blanket over him as a protection. This is a 
simple matter, yet any one who neglects it, has no feel- 
ing for the health or comfort of his horse. 
Feeding is an item of great importance in the care of 
horses; but, as every breeder has satisfied himself in re- 
gard to the best and most proper method, it wall be un- 
necessary to treat of it at length. Be sure to avoid musty 
feed of whatever kind, whether hay, straw, corn, or grain. 
It is dear at any price, and should never be fed to a horse. 
Give only good, sweet, hay; and clean grain. It is an 
excellent plan to cut hay, and mix it with Indian meal or 
middlings. Salt the feed once a day, and as often as once 
a week throw in a small handful of wood ashes. Pure 
water should be provided with regularity. If this course 
is uniformly pursued, horses will seldom be troubled with 
any disease, but will be healthy and sound. If those who 
now feed dry hay without cutting, will try the plan given 
above, my word for it, it will not only be found cheaper, 
but your horses will look fifty per cent, better. 
Horses should have plenty of room in a stable, and not 
too much deprived of the liberty of motion. Close confine- 
ment after hard work, is apt to abate their circulation too 
suddenly, make them chilly, and stiffen their joints. 
When horses are kept in stables, as they always are the 
coldest half, if not the whole of the year, the curry-comb 
and brush should be used faithfully every day. This treat- 
ment, will not only make them look better, but they will 
be more healthy, and have more courage and activity. It 
is a bad practice to omit this operation ; more especially 
is it necessary after a hard day’s work, when they begin 
to grow cold from being sweated by labor. Then it 
•should Tiever be omitted. 
In warm weather, it would be better for the health of 
the horse if he were allowed his liberty, to roam st plea- 
sure in the pastures, provided a shelter is afforded as a 
protection, both from the intense heat of the sun, and the 
damp, chilly atmosphere of night ; as well as from cold 
winds and pelting storms. Horsts that are worked every 
day in summer, should be kept on green fodder in the 
stal}le,in preference to grazing in pastures. It is no great 
burden to tend them ; and a large quantity of manure will 
be saved. 
Is there any good breeder who fails to perform these 
simple acts ot kindness to his -horse, contributing as they 
do in so large a degree to promote his health and comfort I 
Cannot our horses be kept in better order; receive more 
attention and' greater kindners the coming winter, than 
they have previously I Is not the merciful man “merciful 
to his beast I” S. L. B., 
[in American Stock Journal. 
Brookdale Farm, Alahie. 
COTTON. 
Cotton is King, and wields an astonishing influence 
over the world’s commerce, and over the minds of those 
engaged in its production. We have often thought it too 
Kingly, and, if anything, too influential in its sway. The 
best of things are liable to abuse, and, however good and 
desirable, the ends are often perverted. But cotton is 
King, and absorbs the attention of Southern Planters, and 
however much exclusiveness may attach to its culture, 
the world goes on tolerably smooth, though not so pros- 
perously as it would under a little dilferent system from 
that pursued. 
In contemplating the attention bestowed upon cotton 
in very many instances, we are forcibly reminded of the 
parent who fondly and affectionately takes one of his 
children to his bosom in love and confidence and coldly 
neglects the balance of his household. When we see the 
planter cultivating his cotton to the exclusion of his grain, 
to the neglect of his stock, and to the extent of impoverish- 
ing his land, we think of the unnatural parent, and feel, if it 
is right and just for that parent to love all his children 
and treat them equally well, it is equally incumbent on 
the planter not to become so absorbed in cotton culture 
as to neglect his grains, stock, improvements upon his 
farm, and the rendering his home more delightfully plea] 
sant and prosperous. 
It is right for us to grow as much cotton as we can ; it 
is pleasing to contemplate a large crop ; it is flattering to 
our vanity to be able to boast over our neighbors ; but, in 
the summing up of accounts, if we have to buy corn, 
stock, and repair dilapidations the result of gross neglect, 
we shall find startling inroads upon our profits. 
Our ambition should not be to plant the largest quan- 
tity, but only so much as we can work well and not to 
the neglect of equally important field products and ad- 
juncts. 
The planter should determine how much he can culti- 
vate easily and well to the hand — when his mind is ma- 
tured on this point, he should address himself to as per- 
fect a preparation of his field for the seed as thought and 
physical industry will admit of. A great deal of loss is 
annually sustained by the crops driving the planter instead 
of his driving or keeping his crop in advance. To ex- 
plain— time is not economically used at the beginning of 
the year — the season advances like a thief in the night 
upon the planter — it is then discovered that no time is to 
be lost — a rush to get cotton beds thrown up, corn land 
prepared and seed in them, characterises every movement 
— crops are sown — all come up together — for want of 
system in the beginning, up to the ears in grass is the 
consequence — negroes are driven — stock plowed to death, 
and aTom Thumb plant meets the eye all over the field — 
