SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
195 
Also, plant -Garden Peas and mulch them pretty heavily. 
Dig or plow your garden over thoroughly, and repeat 
the preparatory operations of the spring, for, in fact, this 
and the next month should be considered a second spring, 
all the spring work repeated, and, if the season proves 
favorable, you may have a full sapply of vegetables until 
frost. Mulch and water young trees, shrubs, vines and 
vegetables, using liquid manure as heretofore recommend- 
ed, alternately with pure soft water. Prepare the ground 
for Strawberry Beds during this and the next month. Se- 
lect new ground near an unfailing stream, if possible — 
plow deep, turning under a good thick coat of leaf-mould 
and ashes, and leaving the surface fine and mellow- The 
most important work, however, for the present, is to keep 
your Strawl*erries clear of weeds, and the soil around 
them well stirred, which is done best with a pronged 
hoe. 
Transplant Cabbages, Cauliflowers, Celery, Tomatoes, 
&c. Plant Melon seed for mango pickles— also. Sweet 
Corn for late roasting ears. Plant out slips or vines of 
the Potato without delay, and plant, also. Snap Beans for 
a successional crnp. If you mulch them heavily as soon 
as planted, you will find no difficulty in getting them to 
grow. 
The Orchard and Fruit Garden. — Wherever the 
spring frosts have killed the fruit, there will be a strosg 
tendency to over-luxuriouce in the growth of wood. This 
should be checked by cutting back or nipping off the ends 
of the young shoots, in order to produce more bearing 
wood for next year. Destroy all injurious insects, and 
note carefully the bearing qualities and peculiarities of the 
different new as well as old varieties of fruit. No trouble 
or cure should be spared in gathering and sending them 
to market in the best possible condition. Gather fi-ee- 
stone Peaches for distant markets as soon as they show 
elasticity by pressing them gently with the hand, before 
they are so ripe as to leave an impression of the fingers. 
Clingstone Peaches should be allowed to become nearly 
or quite ripe, before they are gathered. If not, they 
shrivel, and become tough. 
The Flower Garden.— Roses, &c., should now be 
budded and layered. Take up early Bulbs, as directed in 
our last number, and plant others to flower in autmun. 
Roses, Chrysanthemums, &c., may be propagated by lay- 
ers. Dahlias will need staking and pruning, if over-lux- 
uriant. Clip Box edgings. Now, also, is the best time 
to trim Evergreen hedges and screens. Gather all desir- 
able seeds, as they ripen, and put away in close paper 
bags, carefully labeling them. Water delicate plants free- 
ly, both roots and foliage, and use liquid manure for the 
roots at intervals, particularly in rainy weather, being 
very cautious in applying it during a drouth. Keep the 
earth mellow, and mulch all large herbaceous plants with 
woods-mould, leaves or saw dust. 
The American Horses in England. — Mr. Ten 
Broeck’s Belle ran for the Wynstay Handicup of 100 
sovereigns at the Chester Spring meeting. May 3. Belle 
took the lead before starting, and won easily by twe 
lengths. 
“ AGRICUIiTUHAIi STATESMANSHIP.” 
Editor Southern Cultivator — A writer in the May 
number of the Cultivator, over the assumed signature of 
“Randolph,” handles my article in the March number 
without gloves. I advocated an Agricultural Convention 
of the United States, to deliberate upon and adopt suitable 
measures to advance our agricultural interest, and especi- 
ally to unite all farmers in pressing our claims upon our 
Statesmen. Upon this proposition, “Randolph” remarks 
“may the day be very distant, v/hen agriculture shall sell 
her right to protest against all class legislation for any 
mess of pottage which this government can cook. * * 
But, until some successful Guy Fawkes shall have blown 
up the Patent Office (and parts adjacent) ; or some true 
Statesman shall perform a like office for the Tariff, and we 
have that good time, so long coming, of Free Trade and 
Direct Taxation, it is altogether likely that it will suit the 
convenience* of many people to talk about partial legisla- 
tion or Statesmanship.” 
Now, it does suit my “convenience” or my inclination 
“to talk about partial legislation or Statesmanship,” nor 
have I advocated partial or class legislation, as thus charg- 
ed without proof or argument. My Essay upon Agricul- 
tural Politics, published some years ago in the Cultivator, 
and my article of last March, (which alludes to the form- 
er) taken together plainly advocate that ‘ our legislation 
ought not to be partial (as it is) ; that great Statesmen 
ought to aim to make cur country great in Commerce, 
great in Manufactures, and great in Agriculture. I sub- 
stantially stated that our government has ever legislated 
liberally for Commerce, has done something for Manufac- 
ture, and almost nothing for Agriculture, I claimed that 
each branch of production to the national importance of 
each, and in proportion shoutd be fostered and en- 
couraged, in proportion to the capital and number of our 
citizens employed in each of them. I claimed that our 
Statesmen ought (as nearly as can be done) to extend 
equal benefits to all classes of our citizens by their legisla- 
tion. 
Can any man make these positions advocate partial or 
class legislation 7 Can any one, who desires our Govern- 
ment to be a Republic in practice, as well as in theory, 
oppose the principles thus advanced 7 Must any man 
be charged with advocating partial and class legislation 
when he writes mainly to oppose the partial and class legis- 
lation of our government 7 Our Commercial population is 
only about one-fifth of our Agricultural population, and 
yet our government has appropriated to Commerce at 
least a hundred-fold more than to Agriculture. There- 
fore, if “Randolph” is advocating such legislation, it is 
he who advocates partial and class legislation. The 
charge is true against him and not me. 
This policy legislates for our commercial men (a mere 
fraction of our people) fifty-fold more than for all other 
classes. If “Randolph” disputes this statement, let him 
show, from the records, what our Government has done 
for all classes besides those engaged in Commerce, and 
I here pledge myself to prove what I state, by showing 
the amount appropriated in each year, for Commerce, both 
in money and public lands, from 1790 up to 1848. This, 
of course, will cost much time and labor, but I am willing 
thus to defend the proposed effort for our agricultural 
interest, if necessary to success. Our Agriculture is a 
vast interest, and our farmers ought to be united ; they 
ought to meet in convention, and co^ult together, and 
deliberate earnestly and patiently till they can agree upon 
just and reasonable measures to elevate and advance it. 
And if their combined wisdom shall decide (as one means 
of accomplishing their important object) that our Govern- 
ment should do several things for the promotion of agri- 
culture (as I hope they will) then we can act in concert, 
and success will be certain. And till then, it is plain 
