214 
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
possibility of producing Everblooming Moss Roses. The 
floral world is indebted to the ofiorts of M, Vibert for the 
introduction of this new class which will soon supersede 
all others, as they corribine all the beauty of the old Moss 
Roses with that o^he\x\^ everblooming. 
Of this class we now possess a flne variety, and will 
mention among the best : 
Alfred de D almas. — Medium, full, pink cent"e, with 
some petals of a lighter tinge. 
Madame Edouard Ory. — Large, very full, perfect form, 
light rosy. 
Marie de Bourgogne. — Very full, light red, fine bloom- 
er. 
Ma Ponctuee. — Medium, full, cherry red, spotted with 
white. 
These I consider as worthy of a place in the best col- 
lection, although the list of varieties is now quite exten- 
sive. 
I cannot close this list without mentioning some other 
Roses, although having been introduced a year or two 
sooner, are still very little disseminated. 
The following are remarkable by their showy colors 
and perfect forms : 
HYBRID PERPETUALS. 
Empereur Bonaparte. — Large, very full, dark, velvety, 
crimson, shaded with darker brown ; magnificent. 
Eord Raglan. — Much analogy with the above, but more 
globulous and somewhat lighter. 
General Jacqueminot. — Very large, nearly full, cherry 
red, very showy. 
Prince Leon Kostchoubay. — Very large full, fiery red ; 
superb. 
Dembrovrsky . — Large, nearly full, deep violet crimson. 
Paul Dupuy. — Large full, dark crimson, changing to 
violet. 
To contrast with these the following are as much worthy 
of notice-, although their colors are less brilliant : 
Rosine Margottin^ Marie Aviat, Dr. Henon, Madame 
de 'ProtteTf Abbe Fetel and many others, whose aggregate 
number is endless, .and makes it a difficult matter to de- 
cide which to discard, as almost all of them have some 
peculiar merit to claim their admittance among the rest. 
We have a number of other new Roses, but, as yet, 
have not seen their flowets enough to report on them. 
Yours respectfully, 
P. J. BfRCKMAlfS. 
Fruitland, Augusta^ Ga., May 27, 1859. 
ORCHARDS AND VINEYARDS NEAR AIKEN, 
South Carolina* 
The Committee appointed by the “Aiken Vine Grow- 
ing and Horticultural Association” to visit and examine 
Orchards and Vineyards in the neighborhood of Aiken, 
submit the following 
REPORT : 
Shortly after their appointment, the Committee met on 
three several days and visited and examined fourteen dif- 
ferent places on which there are orchards and vineyards. 
From the owners of other places which they were unable, 
personally, to visit at the time, they procured authentic 
information of the number of their trees and the condition 
of the same. 
Their examination embraces the following results, which 
will give some idea of the amount of Fruit Culture in the 
vicinity of Aiken : 
130 acres of Grape : 40,000 Peach Trees ; 4,500 Pears, 
Apples, Plums, &c. It must be understood that the 
number of peach and other trees only refers to those larger 
orchards which have been planted expressly for market, 
and does not include the smaller orchards which are 
planted for private use, of which there are some on every 
farm and almost every lot in Aiken. 
Peach . — Of this number (40,000 peach trees) a large 
portion are still quite young and have furnished, as yet, 
nothing for market ; some 20,000 of them or more having 
been set out in the last two years. 
We have ascertained that, during the summer of 1858, 
there were sent to market from Aiken and the vicinity 
about 7,500 bushels of peaches. We may thus form 
some estimate of the value of the crop when all our trees 
come into bearing. 
With regard to condition, the Committee would report 
altogether favorably; but in this culture, as in all others, 
they observed that care and attention were duly rewarded 
— those which had received most thorough cultivation of 
the ground and proper pruning exhibiting a decided su- 
periority. There is, perhaps, no kind of product which 
repays more for good culture and selection of first-rate 
varieties than that of the peach, on account of the enor- 
mous prices paid for early and superior fruit in rhe North- 
ern markets. 
The principal enemy to the Peach here is the Borer, 
which enters the trunk near the root, 
and feeds on the inner bark. Unless kept in check they 
destroy an orchard in a few years. Various plans have 
been tried to prevent their entrance into the tree, but the 
only effectual mode as yet known is, to search over the 
trees, two or three times during the year and destroy the 
worms. 
Most of trees planted here for market are from the 
Northern Nurseries, though we would prefer Southern 
raised trees. We would strongly recommend the raising 
of seedlings from the early Southern varieties, with a 
view of obtaining a yet earlier Peach. 
Pear . — This fruit has not been cultivated hitherto with 
us to any great extent. We find a number of persons 
now trying tee Dwarf Pear (grafted on quince). There 
are, however, some successful cultivators of the Pear in 
the neighborhood, as our exhibitions of last summer 
proved, and as your Committee had an opportunity of 
verifying on their rides. The most encouraging experi- 
ment with Pear Culture may be seen at Mr. John D. 
Legare’s farm. This gentleman was the first who com- 
menced the cultivation of fruit for market on a large scale 
in this neighborhood. About 15 years ago he set out an 
orchard of Peaches, with some Nectarines, Apples and 
Pears— rihese last were Dwarf Pears, imported from 
France. As Pear Culture here had always been con- 
sidered very uncertain, little attention was paid to them. 
They were neglected in the pruning and cultivation, as 
Mr. Legare himself informed us, and yet they are now 
bearing fine crops. Last summer they were so loaded 
with fruit that a great number of pr«ps were necessary to 
sustain the limbs and prevent their breaking down. 
The cultivation of the Dwarf Pear is becoming very 
general in other quarters. The most suitable soil is said 
to be a clayey loam, as the quince stock on which it grows 
prefers such soil. It would, therefore, be unsuited to 
those situations where our grapes and peaches may best 
grow; but, in the variable soils of this region, clay 
grounds may be found on almost every farm, adapted to 
this culture. We would strongly recommend a trial of 
the Pear on Haw stock. The common Haw tree of this 
region {Cratcegus cestivalis) flourishes well on light sandy 
soils and would probably be well adapted for grafting 
upon. We have the assurance of one of the most success- 
ful Pear cultivators in our Association that he has found 
the Pear, grafted on the Haw, to do well, and in further 
confirmation, one of your Committee will state that he 
grafted two pear scions on seedling Haws, one year old, 
in the winter of 1858, both of which grew last summer be- 
tween 5 and 6 feet high. This is, perhaps, more than would 
