SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
233 
FOWL MANURE. 
No manure obtained by the farrfters is as valuable as 
the manure from the poultry house. Of this there is no 
question, and yet we can hardly answer the question “in 
what way is it best to use iti” The manure is made only 
in small quantities, and it may be that, as a general 
thing, much of it is wasted. It may be thrown with other 
manure, muck and refuse on the compost heap, but our 
plan is to save it for special purposes, and we generally 
use it in the vegetable garden, where it is not only valu- 
able, but exceedingly convenient. When dry, it may be 
sown with onion or other seeds in the drills, at planting 
time, and four or five quarts put into a barrel of rain 
water makes a most superb liquid manure for any beds of 
young plants that need stimulating. In this form we use 
it for our melons and cucumbers, as soon as they appear 
above ground, to put them out of the way of the “bugs,” 
and on the beds of cabbage, cauliflower plants, &c,, for 
the same purpose. Celery plants, after being set out in 
the trenches may be hurried up amazingly by being 
watered two or three times a week with this liquid food. 
If magnificent sweet corn is wanted, half a pint of the dry 
hen dung, finely scattered in each hill will give it, and no 
mistake. If you have been able to grow only hard, hot, 
wormy radishes, next spring sow the seed in very shal- 
low drills, (not too early) in a warm, sheltered place, 
then cover the bed with a thin dressing of coal ashes, and 
water with the liquid hen manure each alternate night, 
and if the season is as favorable as ordinary, you will 
have no cause to repent the trial. A little charcoal dust 
is better than coal ashes . — Rural New Yorker, 
Judge Taney on Slavery.— In the case of the slave 
Amy, decided a few days since. Chief Justice Taney has 
furnished a written decision, in which he asserts the fol- 
lowing great legal principles touching the institution of 
slavery in the United States : 
1. That slaves are recognised by the Constitution of 
the United States in the character of persons. 
2. That slaves are represented in Congress, as persons. 
3. That, as persons, they are, in many instances at 
least, subject to certain liabilities, and invested with the 
rights corresponding to those liabilities, in the same way 
that other persons are. 
4. That among these liabilities are those which render 
them amenable to trial and punishment for crimes and 
misdemeanors ; and among these rights is the right of 
legal protection against personal injury. 
5. That the Constitution of the United States also 
recognises slaves as property. 
6. “As property, the rights of ownersare entitled to the 
protection of the law,” i, e., the laws of the United States, 
enacted by Congress. 
|^“There are seven reasons why farmers are healthi- 
er than professional men, viz : 
1. They work more and develop all the leading muscles 
of the body. 
2. They take their exercise in the open air, and breathe 
a greater amount of oxygen. 
3. Their food and drinks are commonly less adulterated 
and far more simple. 
4. They do not overwork their brain as much as in- 
dustrious professional men. 
5. They take their sleep commonly during the hours 
of darkness, and do not try to turn day into night. 
6. They are not so ambitious and do not wear them- 
selves out sora[<idly in the contest of rivalry. 
7. Their pleasuies are simple and less exhausting. 
DUTIES OF A LADY IN HER HOUSEHOLD. 
Without regularity, no house can be managed with 
any degree of economy or comfort. No mistress or head 
of a household, therefore, should trust her domestics with 
the care of the store rooms, closets, and kitchen, without 
keeping a careful supervision over each of them herself. 
The best hour for inspection, in regard to these matters, is 
immediately after breakfast. All the materials or stores, 
as well as the necessary directions, may then be given 
out. She should also see, for herself, that everything is. 
made the best use of by those to whom she entrusts the 
culinary operations, and that nothing is left to the chances 
of disorder and waste. 
No lady should ever regard herself above this routine of 
skillful house-care; for, however accomplished she may 
be, her domestic duties are of the first importance. Thus, 
in regard to the simple matter alone of the dinner table — 
its appointments, and the mode of conducting on such 
an occasion — the influence of a faithful attention to duty, 
on the part of the female head of the household affairs, is 
at once evident. Everything should not only be in its 
proper place, but have a place by itself. Clean table 
linen should only be given out after the soiled one has 
been returned to its appropriate place. Glass should be 
kept in a closet in the dining-room, and only that num- 
ber of glasses given out that may be wanted. 
Everything being thus at hand, and the utmost careful- 
ness enforced, much trouble, and, in the course of a year, 
considerable loss, will be avoided. Punctuality in the 
management of all home affairs is also indispensable. The 
meals should always, unless unavoidable casualities inter- 
vene, be ready at the accustomed and expected hour. If 
the mistress is punctual, the domestics will also be so; 
and thus the mind of the husband will not be ruffled, and 
there will be no confusion and no bickerings, but harmo- 
ny and a cheerful appreciation of every meal, followed 
by general relaxation and pleasant conversation. 
Theie are not trifles, however they may appear to some. 
If the insolvency of thousands could be traced to its 
source, it would be found to have commenced with the 
non-performance of these household duties by the wife — 
or other female head of affairs — for, “without order there 
is no economy.” 
Woman’s Temper.-^ Above all things, let woman cul- 
tivate a sweet and amiable temper. It is this that 
makes home happy. The sweet temper of a wife makes 
the flowers that gem man’s pathway. Man, perplexed 
and annoyed with the cares and the toils of a busy day, 
goes home and is soothed to rest by the music of kindly 
coined words. It is like sunshine glittering in the dark 
and stony places in the heart. Let it be cultivated ; for 
husband and children are a thousand fold the happier for 
it. Women should strive to possess a calm, sweet tem- 
per; and if it should so happen that any man’s eyes falls 
upon this, we would say that he should pray with all fer- 
vency for a better temper than he has. How some women 
can live with cross, crabbed, ugly men all their lives, 
and stilll be so much like angels, is to us one of the “hid- 
den mysteries.” — Spirit of the Age. 
First Peaches. — The first peaches of the season were 
shipped by Mr, James Purvis, near Aiken, on the South 
Carolina Railroad, via Charleston, to New York. These 
peaches were shipped in boxes of about a bushel and a 
half, and were sold as follows: — Two boxes at $15 each, 
four at $12. 50 each, and two at $10 each, making an 
average of $12. 50 per box, or $8.43 per bushel. — Cha,rUs~ 
ton Courier. 
^^~Pope said, “I began where most people end, with 
a full conviction of the emptiness of all sorts of ambition 
and the unsatisfactory nature of all human pleasures,” 
