SOUTHERIN CULTIVATOR. 
239 
them home firmly with a wooden mallet, and secure them 
in place with annealed wire. 
The selection of the bottles is a matter of importance — 
they should be of an equal thickness and very strong — 
the neck being narrow and of a conical form, in order that 
the corks may easily ent m, and be sharply expelled by 
the expansion of gas. 
As, at the time of bottling, the fermentation had not en- 
tirely been completed, it continues, and forms in the bot- 
tle a carbonic acid gas, whose expansive power was suf- 
ficient to break the bottles at the rate of twenty-five per 
cent., but now that they are manufactured with more care 
it does not exceed ten — store away the bottles in a cool 
cellar in layers, with laths between. 
After the wine has been bottled from eight to ten 
months, a deposit will have formed, which would destroy 
its clearness if not removed, which is to be done in the 
following manner : Take each bottle, handling it with 
great care, holding the mouth downward, give it a slight 
blow; this will detach the deposit from the side of the 
bottle, when it will slide down and settle on the cork. 
Then, having first prepared boards, with holes of a pro- 
per size ready bored, place the bottles on these, with their 
bottoms upwards, and in that position let them remain 
for fifteen or twenty days. At the end of that time pro- 
ceed to take off the wire and carefully withdraw the cork 
and remove the deposit, and witli it a small portion of 
the wine, which must, however, be immediately replaced 
with more. Replace the corks and secure them with 
hempen twine and wire. This last operation demands 
much practice and dexterity. 
It is known that Champagne Wine loses its sparkling 
qualities if the bottles be permitted to stand up tor even so 
short a time as twenty -four hours ; hence the proprietor 
will be careful that they are kept continually in a lying 
position. 
BUCKEYE POISONOUS — QUINSEY IN HOGS — 
Unsmoked Meat, tfec. 
Editors Southern Cultivator — In reply to R. S. W., 
of Crawford ville, Ga , (June number, page 178) I will say 
that I have lost several cows from eating the Buckeye. 
The only remedy I have tried, to do any good, was salt 
and sulphur; keep the diseased cows in a dry lot and do 
not let them have any water during the time of giving, and 
for a day or two after giving the salt and sulphur, or they 
will be as badly affected as at first. I have tried this for 
several years and have not lost a cow with the above 
treatment. I have tried lard, soft soap, and other reme- 
dies, but always lost the cow until I tried the salt and sul- 
phur. 
I believe cows fed on cotton seed will not be affected 
by eating Buckeyes. Several years since I fed cotton 
seed for some time during the Buckeye season, and had 
no cows affected by them (although they had free access 
to Buckeyes) until after the cotton seed gave out, and 1 
then lost two or three cows. 
You can publish as much of the above as you may 
think proper for the benefit of R. S. W., or any others 
who may wish to know ; and I would be glad to know if 
any of your correspondents are acquainted with any other 
remedy. 
Can you or any of your correspondents give, through 
the Cultivator, a remedy for Quinsey in Hogs I have 
lost a number of hogs this springs by this disease or some- 
thing similar. I have tried sulphur, copperas, and tarred 
corn to no purpose. 
I v/ould also like to know B. F. T.’s method of curing 
meat without smoking (June number Cultivator, page 
174 ) Will he be kind enough to give it through the Culti- 
vator. Very respectfully, W. E. A. 
Elkton, Tenn., June, 1859. 
SIIEEP-KIEEING DOGS — TAX THEM' 
Editors Southern Cultivator — It was a very true 
remark of that able Statesman, Daniel Webster, that 
‘■somethings had to be talked into existence.” This re- 
mark was made in relation to the National Monument. 
But w'e think it applicable to many other things, and 
permit us to talK a little through your able journal to the 
farmers of Georgia. 
Protection from the depredations of sheep-killing dogs 
is all the State of Georgia lacks to make it prominent in 
the Union in the production of wool. Nature has done 
everything necessary for the development of this branch 
of husbandry — a mild climate, an abundance of hill coun- 
try — where the domestic grasses flourish. The greatest 
obstacle in the way of this primitive and most pleasant 
occupation is that worse than worthless creature— the 
Dog. 
The little Stale of Vermont produces more wool than 
the “Empire State of Georgia,” from the fact that every 
man in the State of V^mont that owns more than one 
dog pays a tax on them, which dog-tax is appropriated to 
the paying for sheep that are killed by dogs. 
The consequence is, every farmer can afford to keep a 
flock, knowing that if they are killed he will get paid for 
them. 
Now, let us raise such a buzz about the ears of the next 
Legislature fin the shape of petitions) that they cannot 
refuse to pass a bill taxing every dog over one in the 
family twenty-five cents, and more if that is not sufficient 
to pay a fair price for all rhe sheep killed by these canine 
marauders. And in less than ten years we will export 
wool as well as cotton. 
If a dog is not worth 25 cents a year he is not worth 
the keeping. 
But, as superstition says it is bad luck to kill dogs 
and cats, hundreds are allowed to roam the country over 
that would be killed if the owner had to pay for their poll. 
Yours, &c., 
Thos. G. Park. 
Rossville, Walker Co., Ga., 1859. 
THE JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE. 
Editors Southern Cultivator— No mistaking, no 
exaggeration of the yield. Two kinds the most produc- 
tive, small, long and slim ; the other with longer and 
more irregular tubers, tops vary in same way, are shorter 
and slimmer, the other longer and coarser. 
I had six acres of them growing at once. I discon- 
tinued growing them for two reasons : 
The first, like the seven fat kine that ate up the seven 
lean kine, cotton ate up the artichoke. 
The second reason, I have about a half an acre in a field 
of cotton, planted them for seed ; the next year, the seed 
renewed and planted, the patch could be seen to a line, 
all year ; the cotton made neither weed, leaf, or fruit 
within 50 feet. I was alarmed at its disposition to eat up 
my land, and I quit the thing. 
No doubt, the artichoke will pay for high manuring. 
I have seen enough to satisfy me, if on rich land, rows 3 
feet apart— tubers dropped every 2 feet apart— that the 
tubers cover the whole earth, and never can send a grub- 
bing hoe in the earth, middles or elsewhere, without find- 
ing tubers. I have known a hill dug and from that an 
estimate made, I forget now the figures, but feel certain 
it was over 1000 bushels. I grew them for years. The 
larger kind, if dressed for the table with cream and butter, 
makes an excellent imitation of an Irish potato. Hogs 
eat them next to sweet potatoes. I do not regard them as 
fattening, but they will keep bogs well and growing, 
equal, if not better than green oats. T. N. 
June, l'^59. 
