DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE. 
VOL. XVII. AUGUSTA, GA., 
SEPTEMBER, 1859. NO. 9. 
WILLIAM S. JONES, Publisher. 
D. REDMOND and C. W. HOWARD, Editors. 
cc^ See Terms on Cover. 
^ktttatiEE 6cDEDni^ anii JEtBcellaitij. 
HINTS FOR THE MONTH. 
The Plantation. — As soon as Cotton begins to open 
freely, it must be gathered without delay. Avoid picking 
immediately after a shower, lest the lint should be foul. 
See that your Gin and Press are in complete order, and 
send no cotton to market that has not received the most 
careful handling throughout. 
Cow Peas should be gathered and put away during the 
brief intervals of leisure from cotton picking. The vines 
of late planted Peas may also be cut when the pod is just 
forming, and cured for hay, Carefully save seed of all 
valuable sorts. 
Corn may be cut up and saved, as directed in our last 
number, page 225. 
Winter Oats, Rye, Barley, Clover and Lucerne may be 
sown the latter part o fthis month. 
Turnips, for a fall crop, must now ce sown, without 
delay. Ruta Baga, Yellow Aberdeen, Norfolk, Early Flat 
Dutch, Globe, and Strap Leaf Re.d Top Turnips, are all 
valuable varieties — the two first being the best for stock 
and keeping. See directions for sowing Turnips, in our 
last. 
Hay . — In addition to the Corn-stalk and unpulled fod- 
der spoken of in our last, (page 225) Sweet Potato vines 
and tops of Pindars make a tolerable rough forage, if cut 
and cured before they begin to wither. All Crab (or 
Crop) Grass, Crowfoot and other grasses, must be cut 
when in blossom, and carefully cured, with as little ex- 
posure to the sun as possible, to be of any value for hay. 
The dried up and withered grass often pulled for hay, late 
in the season, is almost utterly valueless. 
Wet land may now be drained, woodlands prepared for 
pasturage, weeds and brush grubbed up, &c , &c., as di- 
rected heretofore. 
W inter Forage . — As a green crop, try Wheat, sown 
thick in three feet drills, on deeply plowed and rich land. 
It will give your animals green food nearly all winter, 
and bear repeated cuttings. 
The Garden. — Turnips, of all kinds, if not already 
sown, must be put in without delay. (See directions in 
August number in regard to this and other gardoning 
operations.) 
Strawberry Beds may be prepared and the plants set 
out any time during the fall. A cool moist soil, 
rich in vegetable matter suits this fruit best in our sultry 
climate. Spade or trench-plow the ground as deeply as 
possible, turning under a plentiful supply of swamp mucky 
decomposed leaves, wood ashes, pulverized charcoal, and 
a little well rotted stable manure. Harrow or rake the 
surface until it is perfectly fine and even, and set your 
plants in 3 foot rows, 1 foot to 18 inches in the row. 
When the plants are well rooted, cover the entire surface 
of the ground with partially decomposed forest leaves, 
only permitting the plants to be exposed. By this method 
with an occasion il watering next summer, in dry weather, 
(^nd the proper selection of varieties) .4his delicious and 
healthy fruit may be raised abundantly from 3 to Smooths 
in the year, for family use and for market. It can be 
safely transported 500 miles per railroad,* and has even 
been sent from Georgia to New York, in excellent con- 
dition. It is, in all respects, one of our most attractive 
and profitable fruit crops, and we hope it will receive in- 
creased attention hereafter. Some of the choicest varie- 
ties are Wilson’s Albany, Hovey’s Seedling, McAvoy’s 
Superior, Longworth’s Prolific, Walker’s Seedling, Pea- 
body’s Hautbois, Crimson Cone, Early Prolific, &c. 
McAvoy’s Extra Red, the Crescent Seedling, Black 
Prince, Iowa, Jenny Lind, Scott’s Seedling, Trollope’s 
Victoria, Boyden’s Seedling, Smythe’s, and other varieties 
maybe tried by amateurs. 
The Fruit Orchard. — New land, elevated and not too 
rich, is most suitable for Orchards, and to those who have 
neither the time or the means to grub up and entirely clear 
the ground before planting, we suggest the following plan 
for speedily replacing a forest with a productive Peach or 
Apple orchard : Cut off all wood and brush very clean, 
early in the fall, burning to ashes all the logs that you 
cannot remove, and leaving all stumps very low. Then 
*See articles, in present number, headed “Fruit— Transr- 
porting to market,” &c.— Eds. 
