314 
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR, 
“The vine (Scuppernong) is never pruned. It prunes 
itself. The knife is fatal to it.” 
The Scuppernong is generally said not to need pruning 
but there can be no doubt that a judicious thinning out of 
the branches when they are much crowded, would im- 
prove the quality of the fruit as it does in all other fruit- 
bearing trees, shrubs, or vines. At any rate, we can 
deny that the “knife is fatal,'’ seeing that we used it last 
winter quite freely in thinning the branches of ours, and 
the eifect was an increased luxuriance in the remaining 
branches, and larger fruit. 
“And, unlike other grape vines, it will not strike root 
from a cutting, being propagated exclusively by layers.” 
So we had always heard and believed, until told by a 
neighbor of his having been successful. In January last, 
we planted out twenty cuttings of Scuppernong. Most of 
them commenced to push out their buds and looked as 
promising as other cuttings, when the frost of the early 
part of April, killed all but six, which are now alive and 
going finely with shoots from a few inches to a fpot or 
more in length. R. 
Aiken, S. C., Sept. 1, 1859. 
THE POMOEOGICAIi RESOURCES OF THE 
South. 
An Essay, read before the '^American Pomological So- 
ciety,” at its Seventh Session, held at Mozart Hall, in 
the city of New York, Sept. 14, 15 and 16, 1858. 
BY D. REDMOND, ASSOCIATE EDITOR OF THE “ SOUTHERN 
CULTIVATOR.” 
The Pomology of the South is, in many respects, quite 
peculiar and distinct ; and , as our section has heretofore 
scarcely been represented in your honorable and useful 
body, it may not be improper, at this time, to offer to the 
Society a brief statement of our experience with the dif- 
ferent kinds of cultivated fruits — some hints on the proper 
modes of culture for the South — notices of our Southern 
seedling varieties, &c., &c. 
APPLE. 
A great deal of error and misapprehension has hereto- 
fore existed in regard to the capacity of the South for the 
production of the Apple; and, even now, you will find 
thousands of intelligent persons. North and South, who 
fully believe that it is impossible to raise winter apples in 
the South, and that it is necessary to look to the North 
for a supply of winter” varieties. The labors of a 
few zealous promologists in North and South Carolina, 
Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, and other sections of the 
South, however, within the past eight or ten years, have 
brought to our notice a large number of native Southern 
apples : mostly, perhaps, chance “wildings,” but many 
known to have been carefully planted from the seed and 
fruited by the Indians and the early white settlers of the 
country. The best varieties of these seedlings have gen- 
erally been found in the mountainous and middle portions 
of the Carolinas and Georgia," though excellent late sorts 
have also been produced in Mississippi, Alabama, and the 
southern and lower portion of the States before mention- 
ed. Many of these native Southern Apples are superior 
in size, flavor and appearance, and fully equal in keeping 
properties, to the very best Apples of the North or of Eu- 
rope ; and it may, therefore, be taken for granted that the 
South can raise Apples in abundance and of the very best 
quality, if her people will only select their own native 
varieties, and cultivate them properly. Indeed, after many 
years experience in the South, with nearly every variety 
of fruit, we are prepared to rank the Apple as the surest 
and most reliable of all our fruits, except the Grape, and 
one which seems to adapt itself very readily to all soils 
and localities. "We have seen, the present season, thrifty 
and vigorous trees, loaded with fine fruit, from the low- 
lands of the seacoast, in the neighborhood of Savannah, 
to the mountain summits of Tennessee ; and no v/here in 
the South have we known the Apple to fail, when it has 
received anything like proper attention. It would, per- 
haps, be difficult to give a selection of varieties adapted 
to the entire South ; but we think the following can hard- 
ly fail to succeed in most sections. (We may here remark, 
that nearly or quite all the early summer varieties of the 
North do well with us; but that the Northern Fall and 
Winter sorts, especially the latter, are of no value what- 
ever in our climate, as the heat of our Spring months 
forces them into premature ripening, and causes them to 
fall from the tree and decay. The South must, therefore, 
look to her own native Seedlings for long-keeping varieties 
of the Apple, and a proper selection cf these cannot fail to 
be successful, as all experience has proved. The 
“ Shockley” apple, a Georgia seedling, has often been 
kept in perfection from November to June ; and the “Car- 
ter,” an Alabama seedling, will hang on the tree in that 
latitude (32°,) sound, crisp and firm, until Christmas, or 
even the first week of January.) 
SELECT LIST OF APPLES FOR THE SOUTH. 
Summer Varieties: Northern — Red Astrachan, Early 
Harvest, Sweet Bough, Early Joe, Red Margaret, Early 
Strawberry, etc. Southern— Y qWo^ May, Julian, Caro- 
lina Red June, Family, Wonder, Aromatic, Defiance, 
Yellow Haas, Green Hass, [miscalled “Horse,”] Nan- 
tehalee, Summer Sweet, Farrar’s Summer, etc. 
Autumn Varieties : Northern — Rome Beauty, Smoke 
House, Talpahocking, etc. Southern — Batchelor, Caro- 
lina Greening, Disharoon, Taunton, World’s Wonder, 
Yopp’s Favorite, Black Warrior, Kennedy, Rhode’s 
Orange, Autumn Wine Apple, etc. 
Winter Varieties : all Southern— Ahx8i.m, Augustine, 
Blackshear, Buff, Bryar’s Red, Boatman’s, Battlefield, 
Buncombe, Carolina Russett, Cherokee Red, Cloud, 
Cook’s Red, Carter, Camak’s Sweet, Chestatee, Culla- 
whee, Cullasaga, Davis, Equinetely, Elgin, Kpting’s 
Winter, Epting’s Premium, Gully, Green Crank, Gordon’s 
Seedling, Golden Pippin, Greening (Southern,) Greening 
(Pomaria,) Hoover, Hall, Hammond, Hameter’s Late, 
Holly, Henley, Holladay’s Seedling, Junaluskee, King 
Tom, Kittageskee, Lexington, Lorick’s Cluster, Lever, 
Late Striped (Summer’s,) Limber Twig, Mill’s, Mead’s 
Keeper, Meadow Woods, McDowell’s Winter, Mangum, 
Myers’, Maverick’s Sweet, Moultrie’s Winter, Mattamus- 
keec, Nickajack, Neverfail, Nonpareil, Nix’s Green, Ne- 
quassa. Oblong Crab, Oconee Greening, Perkins, Pear- 
main (Clark’s,) Carolina Pippin, Pippin (Albemarle,) 
Abram’s Pippin, Brock’s Pippin, Peake’s Red, Peake’s 
Yellow, Price, Pound, Red Warrior, Rabun, Residence, 
Rhyne, Ralph, Salem, Shockley, Stevenson’s Winter, 
Santa, Strother, Selma, Santouchee, Tryon, Tenderskin, 
Thurmond, Wall, Wateree, Wilfong, Walker’s Yellow, 
Yellow Crank, Yahoola, Yates. 
From the foregoing list, embracing nearly one hundred 
varieties of native Southern Winter Apples, of superior 
excellence, it will be seen that our pomologists have not 
been wholly idle, and that we have, at least, inaugurated 
something like a momenclature and classification of 
Apples adapted to our section. At a late meeting of the 
Georgia Pomological Society, held at Athens, there were 
exhibited five hundred and sixty-eight lots of fruit, inclu- 
ding seventy-four varieties of apples, one hundred and 
forty-four of pears, ninety-nine of peaches, thirty-four of 
plums, eleven of grapes, and other fruits in proportion — 
all of which we cannot but regard as highly encouraging, 
when we consider the very brief existence of the Society, 
and the little interest heretofore manifested in the culture 
of the finer varieties of fruit. 
The Apple, so far as our observation extends, is liable 
