DEVOTED EXCLTJSIVELT TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF SOUT HERN AGRICaiTDRE . 
VOL. XIV. AUGUSTA, GA., JANUARY, 1856. NO. 1. 
WILLIAM S. JONES, Publisher^ ~ DANIEL LEE, M. D., and D. REDMOND, Editors. 
SEE TERMS ON LAST PAGE. 
WORK FOR THE MONTH-CJANUARY.) 
TEE PLANTATION. 
PloiHn^ must now be pushed vigorously and steadily, 
7 /henever the ground is not too wet. Turn well under 
all vegetable matter, that it may decompose, and 
vield nutriment to the coming crops of Corn and CoUon. 
Flaw deep, and if you have no regular subsoil plow, let 
yoar turning-plow be followed in the same furrow, by a 
bull-longue, or broad coulter, drawn by a stout team. 
This will loosen up the subsoil, and bring into cultivation 
a portion of your land which heretofore has never been 
made available. The old system of scratching to the 
depth of three or four inches, must be abandoned. No^- 
Planter in the South should pretend to plant a crop o 
Cam or Cotton in less than 10 inches of mellow and well 
manured soil. Try deep plowing one year, and you will 
need no urging hereafter. 
Maymre should now be hauled out, distributed over the 
ground and turned deeply under. Scatter it evenly, so 
that all the plants may be fed. 
Spread all trash, weeds, corn and cotton stalks, (fee., 
over your land and turn them under with the plow. Haul 
leaf mould from the hollows of the woods, and compost it 
.. th b: vqrd mtinur-3, lime and ashes, before you spread 
it on your fields. 
Fill up gullies with logs, brush, &c., and run ditches 
horizontally along your hill sides, to prevent washing. 
Deep pkneiag will also be found of great benefit on hill 
sides subject to v/ash. In ail cases, plow horizontally, 
i. e., acro.'S instead of up and down the hill sides. 
Ri-pair old buildings— erect new ones — look over and 
i-r ■ y'-r.r f.rm implements — take good care of your 
sto” : md ke- p all work animals in good condition for 
t..e ha. 1 labor they will have to accomplish tlie corning 
A new year, and anew era in Southern Agriculture 
and Horticulture are just dawning upon us. We have 
me fine.st climate, and some of the richest lands under the 
sun — to say nothing of that system of domestic servitude 
which supoiies us with the best and most easily controll- 
ed field laborers in the universe, and enables_ us to pro- 
duce in vast quantities one of the earth’s greatest staples, 
Cotton! — a crop which controls the destiny of nations. 
W e should, then, endeavor fully to appreciate our high posi- 
tion and manifold advantages, and let us, this year, com- 
mence our planting operations with the determination to 
make larger crops than heretofore — to practice a more 
thorough system of plantation and domestic economy — to 
avail yourselves of all the lights of agricultural science — to 
improve our old worn out fields — to keep out of debt — and 
by our earnest and persevering efiforts, to elevate the vo- 
cation of the Southern Planter to its rightful position, at the 
head of all other professions. 
Nor, while devoting all proper energy and attention to 
the urgent and laborious duties of the plantation, must we 
forget the still higher claims of home and its surroundings. 
Let us encircle this choicest and dearest spot of earth, 
with everything that can make it lovely and attractive. 
Plant all the choicest fruits of our sunny clime, in such 
abundance that not only your own household and ser- 
vants, but the pent-up inhabitants of neighboring cities 
shall be fully and cheaply supplied. Scatter everywhere 
about your dwelling sweet and beautiful Flowers, to de- 
light the eye and the senses, and bind the hearts of your 
children indissolubly to the dear old homestead. Fill 
your Book shelves and centre tables, not only with the 
literature of xVgriculture, but with all that may quicken 
the imagination and fmey, refine and elevate the senti- 
ments and improve the heart; and thus let the wealth 
won by your enterprize and skill, minister to the true en- 
joyment of life. 
TES DARREN. 
Sow early varieties of English Peas during the first 
fortnight in January, and continue to sow a succession 
every week . during the spring and early summer, Hoe 
and earth them up in dry, warm weather, and set a row 
of sticks to support tlie vines as soon as they require it. 
Callage, Ldtuce, Radishes, Salsofy, Srn/’ogc, Parsnips, 
Beets, &.C., may now be .sown on ground properly pre- 
pared. Choose a warm exposure — spade, manure, and 
pulverize your beds well, and do not plant your seed too 
deep. 
Irish Potatoes may now be planted for an early crop. 
Plant the sets 8 or 10 inches apart, on coarse litter, long 
