114 
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
penetrating into every part and portion of the State'? In 
consequence of the demand for the necessaries of life, cre- 
ated by this aggregation of people, engaged in manufac- 
turing, internal improvements, and the various pursuits 
incidental to and dependent upon them, the Massachusetts 
farmer will spend three hundred dollars in removing the 
rock and stones from a single acre of land in order to cul- 
tivate it, and finds it a profitable investment. 
“Reasoning, from cause to effect, of the future by the 
past, it will be easy to demonstrate the consequences of 
an extensive system of manufactures and internal improve- 
ments in the South, not only upon our own section of the 
Union, but upon the North and also upon Europe. 
“As in the Northern States, manufacturing towns and 
villages would spring up on all our streams capable of 
running a mill; employment would be given to millions 
of operatives, cities would grow up at the termini of our 
railroads, and every depot would become a considerable 
town or village ; hundreds of other occupations and pur- 
suits would result, giving profitable employment. These 
things would again act upon the agricultural interests of 
the country, by affording a demand for the necessaries of 
life, and a home market for our great staples, and the 
facilities for cheap and rapid transportation ; the products 
of the farmer and the value of real estate would be im- 
mensely increased. 
“Our commerce would undergo a perfect revolution. 
We now export the raw material, which is manufactured 
in New-England and Europe, and enters into the clothing 
of a large proportion of the world. We would then export 
the manufacted fabric, having in our own hands a com- 
plete monopoly. We now furnish two-thirds of the ex- 
ports of the United States, and have permitted Northern 
capitalists, factors, and brokers, to subject us to tribute, 
in forcing those exports through their hands, instead of al- 
lowing them to pursue a direct and natural course. Our 
exports form the basis of two- thirds of the imports of the 
Union, which are landed in Northern cities, and enrich- 
ing them at our expense. We would, then, by exporting 
the manufactured article, and manufacturing a large 
amount of what we now import, redeem ourselves from 
our present vassalage and thraldom. 
“The millions now paid by the importing merchant by 
way of tariff, and which is repaid to him with a per cent, 
by the Southern consumer, would be cut off, and cease to 
be an everlasting drairt upon the currency of the South. 
“The tide of European emigration would be diverted 
from the North to the South, and the millions of money and 
thousands of operatives now annually arriving there be 
invested and employed here. 
“Let the South but adopt the system of manufactures and 
internal improvements to the extent which her interests 
require, her danger demands, and her ability is able to ac- 
complish, and in a few years Northern fanaticism and 
abolitionism may rave, gnash their teeth, and howl in 
vain. 
“The effects upon the North would be equally striking. 
The South can manufacture cheaper than the North, as we 
design to show hereafter. We would then produce those 
articles of home consumption which she now sends us. 
Southern manufactures would be able to enter the markets 
of the world, and under sell those of New England and 
Great Britain ; and that fact once demonstrated, the in- 
crease of our production would be commensurate with the 
wants of the world. The millions which the North annual- 
ly receives from the South would be cut off. She would 
no longer be able to levy tribute upon us. 
“The whole revenues of our government now paid by 
the Southern eonsumers, but collected and disbursed at the 
North, would be levied more justly and distributed more 
equally. 
“Let Northern folly, bigotry and intplerance drive the 
foreign emigrant, the naturalized citizen, and the Roman 
Catholic from amongst them, it is the true policy of the 
South to receive them, granting them all the privileges ex- 
tended to them by the Constitution and laws of our coun- 
try. They will swell our population and increase our 
ability to defend ourselves against abolitionism and free- 
soilism, which are but the correlatives of Northern Know- 
Nothingism. 
“The effects upon Europe, and particularly upon Great 
Britain, would be equally striking. Our Northern manufac- 
tures are now able to enter into the markets of the world, 
and under-sell those of Great Britain. The Southern 
man\ffacturer could do it with more ease. In time, instead 
of shipping 3,000,000 bales of cotton to Europe to sup- 
ply her manufactures, we would ship that amount of fab- 
rics. Our facilities for manufacturing cheaper would en- 
able us to under-sell and monopolize the market ; this 
would draw the European operatives here, who could not 
be as profitably employed there. The consequences to 
European, and particularly to British manufacturers, can 
easily be perceived; they would be crippled, if not pros- 
trated.” 
Remarks. — While repudiating everything in the above 
which seems to have even the slightest partizan leaning? 
we would commend the soundness of its general reasoning 
to the consideration of our readers. — Eds. 
SPAYING COWS— INQUIRY ANSWERED. 
Editors Southern Cultivator — I notice in the Cultl~ 
vatnroi'a inquiry about Spaying Cows, and I would reply 
that 10 years ago one of my cows lost her calf, and hav- 
ing read somewhere that if a cow was spayed while in full 
milk she would afford milk during life, provided her milk 
was drawn every day, I concluded to experiment and 
ordered my overseer to operate. The cow was thrown 
and cut in the side, swine-fashion, and all completed after 
that manner successfully. 
I am glad to see that you corrected the idea that you 
advocated (deep cultivation for corn) and substituted deep 
preparation and shallow culture, a system pursued by 
David Dickson, Esq., of Hancock county, successfully 
for years. It is the correct system, and he could enlighen 
your thousands of readers upon that subject, could he be 
drawn out. He sprung the idea himself, adapted plows to 
suit the culture and so accurately that his plows, the 
last working of corn, run but a half inch deep a more 
practical agriculturist is notin Middle Georgia. 
I hope planters will comply with your suggestion and 
give, freely, their modes of cultivating cotton; and mine 
is, after bedding and planting and when the cotton is up, 
to put no plow into it but the “Sweep.” I am aware that 
stiff lands require, probably, (the first plowing) some 
other plow, and that most planters prefer chopping cotton 
after siding with a Scooter or Turning plow, the bar of the 
latter to the plant. I find my hands can chop as much 
after the Sweep, and that the young plant does not fall 
as much as after the other plows. I am open to conviction 
and am desirous for the easiest, most suitable and most 
expeditious mode. 
I am always glad to see you, gentlemen, on your month- 
ly circuit, and hope your travels may yet be limited only 
“by the ends of the earth.” Truly, Rebek. 
Hapehazy, Feb., 1856. 
Poultry House. — The floor should be cleaned once a 
week, and sprinkled with saw dust, peat or ashes. The 
manure should be composted with earth and completely 
dissolved before it is applied. It then makes a a stimu- 
lant equal to guano, and is a good manure for anything. 
