SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
idition. Thus, Cape Jasmines and Pittospoi ums will easily 
istrike roots from cuttings in July, directly after blooming. 
Magnolia grandiflora and Oranges, if layered while start- 
ing to grow, will have madefine roots in six weeks ; when 
they, on the other hand, if this operation is performed dur- 
ing their period of rest, will not make roots at all. 
It may, perhaps, not seem amiss here to say a few words 
about the propagation of such Coniferae, from which seed 
cannot easily be obtained, as, for instance, is the case with 
I many of the Pines, Cedars and Cypresses. Such vai ie 
.ties are to be propagated by cuttings, or even grafiing on 
I other varieties, raised from seed. By the middle or end 
I of August take cuttings about two inches long of the last 
In growth, cutting them off close to the older wood, and 
I plant them in pots in coarse sand, (I presume, that every- 
body will know that about two inches on the bottom of 
I the pot must be filled with broken crockery.) Place the 
I pot in cool, damp and rather shady locations, and keep 
; them moderately moist. By the beginning of March or 
i often even sooner, the cuttings will have made a consider- 
able swelling at their bottoms. Then put them on a 
brisk hot-bed for a month or six weeks under glass, when 
they will make roots rapidly, after which keep them cool 
and shady again until September, when the young plants 
may be planted out in tlie garden. In this way all Co 
niferae can be raised from cuttings. In raising all Ever- 
greens, and Coniferes in particular, from seed, it will be 
found very beneficial to have them well shaded, whde 
coming up. Layers can also be made successfully in 
April, but not until the trees are startitig. 
COXIFERA^. 
Araucaria excels a (Norfolk Island Pine). — This mag- 
nificent tree, which is considered the finest of the wdn>ie 
Pine tribe, is a native of Chili, where it grows upwards of 
100 feet high. It is rather tender for our winters here (33*^ 
lat.) and a little too impatient of our dry summer, so very 
different from the climate of Chili. Raised best from 
seed. 
Araucaria imbricata, also from Chili, is a very peculi.ir 
looking species. Some writers have recommended it 
for the South, and it may, perhaps, answer in the valley of 
Mississippi and similar moist locations; but it will not 
stand the dry scorching sun with us, unless well protected. 
Grows 100 feet high. 
Cedrns Liba?ii {Cedtn of Lebanon). — Everybody has 
heard of this tree of Scriptural renovvn. While young, it 
is rather a sorry looking shrub, giving no idea of its ma- 
jestic beauty, when full-grown. It does very well here, 
but is of such a slow growth that it will h.aidly be wanted 
in our days, when everybody goes for speed ; particular 
ly as it has found a strong competitor in the 
Cedrvs Deodora, or “Tree of God,” from the Himelayan 
mountains. This is a most magnificent tree, and cannot 
be too highly recommended for the South For effect in 
•cenery, or as a solitary tree on a lawn it is unsurpassed 
in beauty and elegance. Its growth is rapid, its asfiect 
most graceful, with drooping branches, and its foliage, 
when growing in suitable soil, is of a soft sea-green hue, 
with a silky appearance. It is particularly fond of an ar- 
gillaceous, gravelly soil, and has no objections to a slight 
manuring. Grows 100 feet high. Strikes well from cut- 
tings made in August, and layers in April. 
Cryptomeria Japnnica.—T\\\s beautiful tree, a native of 
Japan, was introduced into England for the first time in 
1846, by Robert Fortune. It is of pyramid;d form with 
drooping branches. It boasts ofa very rapid growth, and 
has here, on sandy soil, grown as much as 5 feet in a 
single season It is perfectly adapted to our Southern cli- 
mate. The Cryptomeria is very flexible, and my speci- 
men tree, about 18 feet high, was, this winter, prostrated 
flat on the ground by the sleet; and it possesses so little 
15D 
ela^ticity that it requires months before it can regain its 
straight position. In .severe winters it turns perfectly 
brown iti J.muarv and February. Gri'W's 100 feet high, 
bears f)leniy of seed, and strikes well tVom cuttings. 
Cupressus scvrpervircv.s (Oriental Cypress). — 1 Imugk 
this beautiful tree has been known for ceniuiies, it i.s still, 
comparatively speaking, quite rare. It is considereil a 
native ofthe isle of Cypress in the Mediterranean, whero 
it is a oommm timber tree, unsurpassed for duralfility. 
The doors of St Peter s Church, in Rome, are made of this 
timber and have lasted, uninjured, for more than 1 1 eeniu- 
ries. The Romans planted it round their villas, and it is 
frequently used by the Turks in tlieir cemeteries as a sym- 
bol of t hat immortality w,liich they hope and expect for 
the persons there deposited, hs peculiarly straigl t coni- 
cal habit gives it a very singular appearance. Raised from 
either seed, euttings orlayeis. 
Cupressus fu/itbris (VVee[)ing Cypress). Of all tho 
Evergreens of recent introduction iliis will be considered 
one of the greatest ai qui-'itions. being as drooping as the 
weeping willow' and evergretn besides. Itgrow's wild on 
the Himelayan mountains and is perfecily adapiedioour 
Southern climate. While young, it foimsa dt use busli 
with feathery foliage; but wlim it attains a height of ten 
feet or mnie it assumes its bt-autilul [lendulous torm. wnich 
makes it a [)ro|ier ornann nt ior the cemetery. Grows cO 
feet high. Sirikes w'ell I'rom cuttings. 
Calltris Pyraoiidnlis - Of all ilie pyramidal shaped trees, 
the “Oriental Cy press ’ ha.s liitlii rto been ac'miited to be 
the very finest; and in fact, acoupleol them placed like 
sentinels in front of the eniian ‘e, look very well. It has, 
how'cver, of late, been eelip>ed by the “l 'alliiris.'’ w'luch is 
by far the most beauiilul. It is a native of New 8onih 
VVates, but. unforninatelv, it is too tender for shis laliimle. 
As it, no doubt, will suit the clini ite of the >00110 rn part 
Alabami, Lnuisaiia and Texas, i could not omit men- 
tioning it here. It is, as yet, very tare. 
Idboced ivs ('Ivilensls . — Tins new shrub, from Chili, is 
closely relati d. to the Arborviia*. ' it has a 1 emai Kahly 
.soft looking, mo.ss-like foliage Being reecnt'y iniroiiuetd 
and quite 1 are, much can itoi , as yel , be said about iis ana | - 
tcUion to our dry summers; but it seems, so tar, wo II suit- 
ed to Southern hoi'iiciilture. and will prn'b Rly soon be- 
come a great favorite Growls 1 0 to 15 teei high. 
Pinvs alba, also called Abies alba, (Wtiiie Spruce). 
None of the pru- e family can be, eonsideied shmic irees, 
hut planted solitary ami never ‘ trimmed up’ thi y will 
(brni beautiful .specimens on a law n, or near oilu i irees of 
different foliage, and color Tfiis species is a very h md- 
some tree, growdng wild on the mounrains of North C.no- 
lina and Georgia, wdiere, it particnlarly grows in damp 
places, and attains a height of 30 to 40 leet. Best to raise 
it from seed. 
Pinvs ?t7gra, also called Abies nigra. (Black Spruce 
Resembles the former, but grows to a much larger size, 
with daiker tobage, (whence iis name) and a silvery nut 
on the under surface, of the neeiilcs; is :ilso lound in damp 
places on the Souihetn mountatns BeSt to raise it from 
.seed. 
Pi nvs bnlsnviea, ul.'P caT-ed PirCf^htihomea (Balsam fir, 
Bain: of Gilead fir). — This fine Spruce a^so grows on the 
Southern nnmniaitis, wfien* it is found /n lower ami more 
moist situaiions than most other Spruces.. When grow- 
ing solitary, it forms a most ( legant c<'ne-slia[ic<) H' t. at- 
taining a heii;ht ofdif to 50 fei t The h aves tiavc -evetal 
w’hiie [lowdeied sirqie.s. which imparl to the iiec a pecu- 
liar .silvery tint, hc.niut’uliv conira'ted w ith the dai k foli- 
age. Be>t rai'td fiom -eed 
Pmos ah cs, also called Abies exedsa (Norway Spume ) 
— J'liis is the (a)mmon tin. her in c of a' 'a, 01 die 
northern part of Europe, It grows in its fiiglie.'i peifi-o- 
