188 
SOUTHEEN GULTIVATOE. 
wine from their own vineyards, but it will do more — it 
will people their mountain regions with a hardy, indus- 
trious race of German vine dressers, who will, in time, 
make the vine-clad hills of the South as beautiful as those 
of the Rhine; and, from their favored soil and climate, far 
more productive. 
But I trust their laudable elfort will not be confined to 
the Catawba, the Warren, or the Scuppernong, but ex- 
tend io a\\ native varieties that give promise of making 
good wine. 
With foreign Grapes it is useless to waste time and 
money in attempting to adapt them to vineyard culture in 
any part of the United States. All experiments with them,, 
heretofore, have failed. 
Should you deem our mode of vineyard cultivation here 
in any manner useful to your readers, it will give me 
pleasure to communicate it, in short articles, in future 
numbers of your valuable paper, 
R. Buchanan. 
Cincinnati^ Ohio, Api-il, 185G, 
[We are happy to assure Mr. Buchanan that all our ef- 
forts in the culture of the Grape have been thus far attend- 
ed with the most flattering success. Our vines of one 
year old are much stronger and finer than those of two 
years old from the Western vineyards; and in the manufac- 
ture of Wine, our longer season and warmer sun give us 
every possible advantage. All portions of the South— the 
low as well as the high land — seem adapted to the growth 
of the vine ; and we expect, in a very few years, to see 
many of the old, “worn-out” cotton plantations of the 
South changed into flourishing and profitable vineyards. 
Vfe shall be under deep obligations to Mr. Buchanan for 
the promised articles. He is most competent authority on 
the subject, and we heartily welcome him to our columns. 
— Eds. So. Cult. 
EVERGREENS FOR THE SOTJTH~NO. 2. 
Editors Sou thern Cultivator —In the May number of 
the Cnltivator, I furnished a select list of Evergreen “Co- 
niferae.” I will now enumerate such of these trees and 
shrubs as belong to other families. This, 1 think, is 
is needed; for surely every hoiticulturist who looks into 
our Southern gardens must at once be struck with the 
very limited variety he there finds. A few unsightly 
Arbor Vita;, Cape J ismines and Rosemarys will be about 
all; while, on the other hand, many beautiful Evergreens 
abound in our woods and swamps, to say nothing of the 
mountains. None of these, however, (with the exception 
of theso called “Mock Orange,”and now and then, though 
rarely, a IMagnolia) have been considered worthy of the 
honor of being introduced into our gardens. And why 1 
merely because they grow spontaneously. Though real 
beauty, like true merit, will always prevail. But besides 
the native plants, many other exotic trees and shrubs will 
certainly render our gardens more attractive, and, when 
introduced, beautify the home of their tidoption. 
Andromeda . — Not less than fifteen varieties of this tribe 
are growing wild in the. South, most of them near some 
branch or stream. These have all thick leather-like 
leaves, of a glossy dark green color, and white, bell-shaped, 
gracefully drooping flowers. 3 to 10 feet high. 
Arbutus Unedo (Strawberry tree) — A native of the 
mountainous parts of Spain and Italy, where it thrives 
best on limestone rocks. Leaves rather small, ovate and 
dark green. Flowers greenish white, bell-shaped, pro- 
duced in drooping bunches — there is also a variety with 
pink flowers. The fruit, which resembles the strawberry, 
though unpalatable, ripens late in Autumn, forming a 
beautiful contrast with its dark green foliage. This fine 
shrub is as yet very rare here in the South — probably be- 
cause it is hard to propagate. It is increased by seed and 
layers, but very difficult to raise from cuttings. When 
grown, where fully exposed to the sun, it should be shaded 
or mulched for the first year or two. It thrives finely on 
a gravelly clay soil. 6 to 8 feet high. 
Aucubo. ja.ponica (Gold-dust tree). — Its only beauty con- 
sists in yellow blotches on the dark green, shining leaves. 
When planted on the north side of a building, where it is 
always cool and shady, this shrub will do well, but the 
sun kills it without fail. Any kind of soil. 4 to 6 feet 
high. Propagated by cuttings. 
Azaleaindica (Chinese Honeysuckle). — This beautiful 
shrub, so well known as a greenhouse plant, is perfectly 
hardy in this latitude, when planted out on a shady bor- 
der, or, still better, on an artificial shade-bed ; mulching 
is also very beneficial during the summer. It is a flower 
of unsurpassed beauty in its season, March and April; 
and those only who have seen it in its perfection can form 
an idea of its richness and grandeur. The Azaleas are 
near akin to the far-famed Rhododendrons, almost as 
beautiful, and much easier of cultivation. The colors are 
very different, as crimson, purple, white, red, salmon, 
scarlet and variegated. They are pretty easily propagated 
from layers, made in April, while blooming, and not cut 
or split, as they will root better through the bark than 
from the tongue. New varieties are raised from the seed 
which should be sowed as soon as ripe, hardly covered- 
with soil, but some moist moss and kept shaded. The 
best soil is a rich brovvn loam, or alluvial vegetable mould, 
such as is found in deep forest valleys ; it should be mix- 
ed with one- fourth white sand (silver sand is the best). 
1 to -1 feet high. 
Berberis aquifoUa. also called AlaJionio, ilictfolia, from 
Patagonia, with leaves like those of a Holly, which gener- 
ally turn red and brown in the autumn. Flowers yellow 
in drooping bunches, followed by black berries. 
Berberis fascicular is, a shrub from California of, recent 
introduction; has shining green foliage, yellow flowers, 
•■nd purple berries. Both species are propagated by 
suckers and layer.s ; recjuire rich, black and somewhat 
moist soil to grow in perfection. 3 to 5 feet. 
Buxus (Boxwood). — Every person is familiar with this 
old customer of our gardens. The two principal species 
are : Tree box, which grows 8 to 10 feet high, and Dwarf 
Z'/AT, from J to 2 feet; the latter is mostly employed for 
edging beds. Of both species vauieties are known with 
silver and gold edges. The boxvrood does not thrive 
well on sandy soil, but on strong clay, or rich alluvial soil 
it su3bef]|ils admirably. Propagated by layers, cuttings, 
and df^iding the roots. 
CameUia jtiponica . — This is the climax of all winter 
blooming shrubs, and equaal to the Rose in beauty. It is 
a native of Japan, and perfectly hardy in this latitude. It 
will, in fact, stand our winters better than our summers. 
The single red Camellia is the hardiest, but even the 
double ones have stood the last winter here uninjured, 
though the thermometer was down to 9'^. 
J have seen Camellias (Lady Hume’s Blush) here in the 
South 10 feet high, and covered with about two thousand 
flowers. Propagated by cuttings, layers and seed of the 
single or half double varieties. The safest way of multi- 
plying the double varieties is by inarching them on the 
single red. 
Ceanothus . — Some evergreen species ofthisgenus have 
