SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
213 
leaves, which smell like aniseed when bruised. I. anisa- 
taniy from China, produces the “star aniseed,” a well 
known condiment, and frequently used in China and Eust 
India, sometimes, also, in Europe for flavoring purposes. 
Propagated by layers. 8 to 10 feet high. 
Janminnvi (Jasmin, Jessamin). — The idea of fragrance 
is so closely connected with this name that many sweet- 
smelling plants belonging to other tribes are called Jas- 
mins, while several of the true Jasmins have but very 
little or no fragrance. This is, for instance, the case with 
Jazviinum nudifi-oruni, the very earliest blooming shrub 
in our latitude. Even pretty severefrosts do not hurt the 
bright yellow flowers which appear in February. It is a 
climbing shrub. 
Jasniimivi frutica?is (common yellow Jasmin), is a 
rather upright bush, from the South of Europe. Very 
little fragrance. 
Jasminu'/n ojficinalc (common white Jasmin), from East 
India, is a climber and fragrant. 
Jazminum revolutuni (curled leaved Jasmin), from East 
India, forms a large bush with aprofusion of bright yellow, 
slightly fragrant flowers. All the Jasmins are readily 
propagated by layers and cuttings. 
Kalmia latifolia (Calico bush. Poison Ivy bush). — No 
wonder that Linnaeus, the great botanist, fell into exstacy 
on beholding the first specimen of this flower, sent to him 
from America, for, surely, it was one of nature's master- 
pieces. The splendid pinkish white flowers possess an 
elegance which art has in vain tried to imitate ; they are i 
plentifully produced among foliage of the deepest, richest 
green. The Kalmia is a family peculiar to America, 
vrhere it may be found from Maine to Texas. But while 
European horticulturists fully appreciate it as their finest 
evergreen, very few persons here think of giving it a place 
in their gardens ; and still no garden should be without 
it. The objection will be made that the leaves are poison- 
ous. 'Vhty may, perkops. he so, but many other plants 
and weeds in our gardens are equally as poisonous, and 
even if they do have deleterious properties, they are only 
injurious to starving cattle, which will eat them from want 
ot any other food, and such cattle should never come into 
the garden. K. lati folia is the most beautiful of the whole 
family, but besides this the K. aiipustifiHa and the K. i 
glancii (the latter with deep pink flowers) are befmtif’ul | 
species. All Kabnias grow best in rich, damp and shady j 
places, particularly near streams. Propagated by seed. | 
d to 4 feet high. j 
LauruS' nobibs (Sweet Bay, Sweet Laurel), from Italy. | 
The only evergreen species to be recomnnended for our 
gardens. The flowers are yellowish white, rather indif- 
ferent. but the foliage has an aromatic fragrance. The j 
dried leaves are quite an article of commerce in Europe, I 
being used for seasoning meat, to which they impart a 
very pleasant flavor. Tht Siccct Latrrc/ grows finely on 
a gravelly clay soil, and gives many suckers, by which, 
as well as by layers, it is propagated. 10 to 12 Let high 
Lipusfrum japonicum {Japan Privet), with broad, ovate 
and lanceolate leaves of a dull green color,-and clusters of 
small yellowish white flowers in May. 12 to 15 leet. | 
Lignstrum luciduni (Wax tree).— With more shining! 
leaves and of smaller growth. 4 to G feet high. Both 
species are propagated by seed and layers. 
Loiiicerajapo7}.ica,aho called Nintova japonica (.Tapan 
Honeysuckle). — A rampant climber, whose foliage re- 
tains its lively green color during the whole winter, con- 
sequently far preferable to the well known Cliinese Honev- 
suckle (Lonicera flexuosa) which turns dark brown. The ! 
very fragrant white flowers are produced in profusion. 
Limicera longifiora, from China. Leaves more elon- 1 
gated, of a blueish green color; flowers white and very! 
fragrant; a great climber. Both species are easily pro- 
pagated by layers and cuttings of the young wood. 
Magnolia gra7id:ijiora. — The finest and most majestic 
evergreen tree of the South. It often attains a height of 
60 to 80 feet, its large white flowers of the size of a sau- 
cer, filling the woods with delightful fragrance. The seed 
ripens in September and should be planted immediately 
and covered with leaves and brush. By next April the 
young plants will make their appearance, and should, as 
soon as they have got four leaves, be pricked out on a 
shade bed. Magnolias will also root pretty readily Ircm 
layers, when made during their period of growth. 
yiagnoLia fnscata (Banana shrub), from China. The 
leaves elliptic, leathery, dark green, smooth; the young 
twigs downy and brownish. Flowers pale straw color, 
each petal edged with carmine, about 2 inches in diameter 
and exquisitely fragrant, like a ripe banana, whence its 
name. Propagated by seed and layers. As yet quite 
rare. 3 to 4 feet high. 
Mespilus pyracantka, also called CraTzBgns pyracantka . 
— From the South of Europe, with large clusters of white 
flowers and yellow berries. The leaves generally turn 
brownish during the winter, which gives it a rather gloomy 
appearance among other evergreens ; but it is useful as a 
hedge plant, having strong thorns. Propagated by lay- 
ers, cuttings and seed. The latter should be sown as 
soon as ripe and the ground covered with a thick layer of 
litter, in order to rot the hard shell of the seed. In the 
spring the litter should be raked off, and the bed covered 
with some brushwood. If treated in this way many of 
the seeds sprout the first spring, the remainder will come 
up the next spring. As soon as the young plants have 
four leaves they should be transplanted into nursery vows. 
6 to 8 feet high. 
Metrosideroz semperfiore^is. (Bottle-brush shrub), flom 
Australia. Like several other shrubs, its leaves tuie 
brown in the winter, but the striking appearance of its 
crimson flowers, coming out in a lung spike all around 
the twigs, makes it a desirable shrub 'in our gardens. 
Propagated from layers. 6 to 8 feet high. 
yeriurn Oleander. — From the South of Europe, where 
it gfovi s near rivers, particularly on Sicily and Candui. 
I’he single species is tlie hardiest, but the double varieties 
produce the most splendid flowers. J he single while, 
however, is mucli finer than the double white. Tliey re- 
quire a rich black soil, plenty of water and a slight pro- 
tection duringthe winter in this latitude. Easily propa- 
gated by layers and cuttings. 6 to 8 feel high. 
Olea American o. (Vfild Olive), a very fine tree, but 
often confounded with the “Wild evergreen Cherry,” from 
which, however, it is easily distinguished by the niore 
elongated, leathery and opposite leaves, an.d the delightful 
fiagraiice of its small white flowers, v., hich are produced 
in clusters in April. It can also eaidly lie disiinguislied 
from ilie Wild evergreen Cherry by bruising the leaves, 
the latter having a strong, bitterish smell, like prach 
leaves, which is not found in those of the Olive. The 
seed a rather large, black berry, should be sown as soon 
as ripe, in a very sliady and damp place, and treated like 
the nJagnoha. 20 to 30 feet high. 
O ea, frao'caiis (Tea Olive, fragrant Olive), from Chins. 
Though perfectly adapted to our climate, still it is but 
seldom to be met with in our gai dens it being considered 
a green-house plant. A tree of this kind in my vicinity & 
over ten feet high, perfuming the whole garden with the 
delightful fragrance of its little white flowers. There isa 
varif-ty with broader leaves, and pinkisli flowers. Propa- 
gated from layers and cuttings. 
Oka Europea (European or Sweet Olive), from which 
the well known “sw^eet oil ’ is obtained. Though not very 
