234 
SOUTHERN CULTIYATOT. 
The ground should be repeatedly plowed very deep, and 
pulverized as fine as possible. A deep, rather light and 
fertile sandy loam is best for this crop, and such soil ought 
to be plowed at least 10 or 15' inches, and thoroughly har- 
rowed. Sow in drills from 2 to 3 feet apart, plants stand- 
ing in the drill from G to 12 inches. Stable manure (10 or 
15 loads to the acre), woods-raould, ashes and broken 
bones, equal parts (6 or 8 loads to the acre) or 300 pounds 
of guano, scattered broadcast and plowed in, will give 
you a good crop. Should you wish to manure in the drill, 
open a wide and deep furrow with a long shovel plow, 
scatter your manure thickly along this drill, throw- a flat, 
broad bed on the manure with a turning-plow, and after 
raking the surface smooth and even, drill in the seed as 
above directed. From one to one and a half pounds of 
seed, mixed with sand and carefully sown will be suffi- 
cient for an acre. Soak your seed 24 hours in lamp oil, 
then drain off the oil and dry the seed with ashes or plas- 
ter, and mix with moist sand for the convenience of separ- 
ating the seeds in sowing. [A friend recommends the 
sowing of the seed late in the afternoon, leaving the drill 
open and the seed exposed to the action of the dew until 
daybreak, next morning, when they must be covered and 
the ground rolled or pressed down firmly on them. This 
plan seems well worthy of a trial in dry weather.] If 
you have plenty of leached ashes, you may top-dress the 
ground with 10 or 15 bushels per acre, afier sowing. It 
'will be well, also, to dust the plants when they first come 
up, with a mixture of ashes, soot, plaster and salt, (a 
bushel to the acre) to prevent the attacks of the fly. Con- 
tinue this until they get into the rough leaf, when they 
may be considered out of danger. When the plants are 
well up, clear out all grass and weeds with the hoe, and 
thin them to a stand of from 6 to 12 inches apart, accord- 
ing to the size of the variety. After thinning, wmrk them 
out from time to time, until the tops shade the ground, 
when you may lay them by. . 
Sweet Potatoes — the earth fresh and loose around 
the plants, and the rov/s entirely free from weeds until the 
vines take complete possession of the patch. Lose no 
time, now, in cutting and setting out vines for the produc- 
tion of next year's seed. 
Hay o/fid Fodder— Cm and carefully save drilled Corn 
fodder (as directed in July number, page2Gl) ; also make 
all the Hay y OX}, possibly can from Crab (or Crop) Grass, 
Crowfoot, Pea Vines, tops of Ground Peas, Oregon Pea, 
Millet, &c., &c. 
found favorable to the ditching and draining of low, wet 
lands, clearing up of swamps, cutti.ng underbrush, digging 
and emhe^nking fish-ponds, preparing Strawberry patches, 
clearing the undergrowth of forests for woods pastures, 
hauling of muck to the compost heap, destruction, by 
compost ferm entiRgor btarning, of hozuhcs weeds, &.z. 
tee gaedee. 
All pkn» offtp^CaMUfiwwer, Brocoli, or Cabbage fami- 
ly, may be set out the Latter p*rt of this month for &11 and 
winter use. Contimas to £r»ni^lant Full crope 
ofthe different kinds of Turnips should be sown during 
the month, as directed above. Sow seeds of Beets, Salsi- 
fy, Carrots, &c., for winter use — shading the ground by 
a slight ‘‘ brush arbor,” from the hot sun. Radishes, 
Spinach, Lettuce, &c., may still be sown, and Snap Beans 
planted for pickles. Plant, also, Melons and Cucumbers 
for mangoes and pickles. Keep down all weeds — use the 
hoe, and water freely. Plant a second or fall crop of Irish 
Potatoes and Peas, mulching both heavily with leaves. 
The Purple Egg PloMt, Tomato and Lima Bean may be 
planted for a late crop, and will come yet, with “ favor- 
able seasons.” Keep your Stravclerry Beds clean, open 
and mellow now, if you desire to increase your plants, 
and encourage the growth of runners by an occasional 
watering. If you do not want runners, cut them off and 
turn them under, to give back their substance to the bear- 
ing plants. Give these occasionally a light top-dressing 
of leached ashes just before a shower, or water them with 
a.veryweak solution of potash, 
THE OECHAED AND NUESEEY. 
Gather up all fallen and defective fruit and feed to the 
hogs. Save stones of the Peach to produce new varieties 
and for seedling stocks. Let the peaches from which you 
obtain seeds for planting ho fully ripe, if you are endeavor- 
ing to reproduce them or to originate new varieties. Try 
a few hundreds or thousands yearly, and you will, from 
time to time, be rewarded with valuable Southern Seed- 
lings, especially suited to our own soil and climate. Bud- 
ding of all stone-fruits may still be continued by those 
who have the proper stocks. Insert the bud on the north 
I side of the stock, early in the morning, or just before 
night-fall, ceasing operations in the heat of the day. 
THE FLOWEE GAEDEE. 
Collect seeds of all Annuals, and preserve them care- 
fully. Bud Oranges and Lemons. Propagate AJoes and 
the Cacti (or Cactus) by slips. Sow Bulbous rooted 
flower seeds to obtain new varieties. Stake ycur Dahlias 
and thin out the flowers, if too profuse. Clip Box edgings 
in moist weather. Cut and roll grass plats and lawns, 
Clean up walks, put on fresh gravel, and roll smoothly. 
Yfater 3/001 potted Anmtals and other plants daily, in hot 
weather. Sow Tulip and other bulb seed. Gather all 
valuable seed as scon as ripe, and save for future use. 
Use water frequently, as heretofore directed. 
CHEESE MAEBTG IH TEXAS. 
Editors Southern Cultivator : — I will ask you or 
your many correspondents a few questions about cheese- 
making, for we of Western Texas have extensive prairie 
ranges'and thousands of cows of fine qualitvq and fat, and 
they give oceans of milk. Some are trying to make 
cheese, but they do not succeed well. Now, a statement 
of how the milk is prepared, and how and when the ren- 
net is put in, and whai kind — old or young beef: and 
what tools or vessels are necessary, and if heavy or light 
pressing is best, and the drying process. All of which 
vAll be thankfully received* by a subscriber and niany 
others. Yours, respectfully, C, 
Austin, Texas, June, l85o. 
[Will some of our experienced correspondents reply to 
th* above 7] 
Ditching, Hauling Much, Woodland Pastures, Slratc- j 
berry Beds, c[*c.— The dry v/eather of this month will be 
