DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF 
AGRICULTURE. 
YOL. XY. 
AUGUSTA, GA., JANUARY, 1857. 
NO. 1. 
WILLIAM S. JONES, PublirsUer, 
DANIEL LEE, 3I.D., nnd D. KEDMOND, Editors. 
See Terms on Last Page. 
^lautatwtt CtuEDiiin anb Pilisttllaiiij. 
WORK FOR THE 3IONTH=-( JANE AKA .) 
THE PLANTATION. 
We can add little to our previous hints under’thls head 
most of which we are constrained to repeat for the benefit 
of new readers: 
Plovjinix must now be pushed vigorously and steadily 
wherever the ground is not too wet. Turn well under 
all vegetable matter, that it may decompose, and yield 
nutriment to the coming crops of Corn, Cotton, &c. Plow 
tZeej^and if you have no regular subsoil plow, let your 
turning plow be followed in the same furrow, by a bull 
tongue, or broad coulter, drawn by a stout team. This 
wfill loosen up the subsoil, and bring into cultivation a por- 
tion of your land which heretofore has never been made 
available. 1 he miserable system of scratching to the depth 
of three or four inches, must be abandoned. No Planter 
in the South should pretend to plant a crop of Corn or 
Colton in less than 10 inches of mellow and well maiiurod 
soil. Try deep plovri^ g one year, and you will need no 
urging hereafter. 
J.I.n-Atre should now be hauled out, distri juted over the 
ground and turned deeply under. Scatter it evenly, so 
that all the plants may be fed. 
Spretad all trash; weeds, corn and cotton stalks, &c., 
over >our land and turn them under with the plow. Haul 
leaf mould from the hollows of the woods, and cnmpo't it 
with barn yard manure, lime and ashes, ijtforeyou spread 
it on your fields. 
Fill up gullies with logs, brush, &c , and ‘run ditches 
horizonally along ycur hill sides, to prevent washing 
Da'p plowing will also be found of great benefit on hill 
sides subject to wash. In ail cases plow horizontally, i. e , 
across instead of up and down the hilt sides. 
Repair old buildings— erect new ones— look over and 
repair your farm implements— take good careof your stock, 
and keep all work animals in good condition for tin 
hard labor they they will have to accompli.sh the coming 
aeason. 
A new year, and new era in Southern Agriculture and 
Plorticulture are now dawning upon us. We have the 
finest climate, and so.me of the richest lands under the 
sun— to say nothing of that system of domestic servitude 
which supplies us with the best and most easily controlled 
field laborers in tiie universe, and enables us to produce in 
vast quantities one of the earth’s greatest staples. Cotton ! 
— a crop whi'’h controls the destiny of nations. We should 
then, endeavor fully to appreciate our high position and 
manifold advantages, and let us this year, commence cur 
plantingroperations with the determination to make larger 
crops than heretofore — to practice a more thorough sys- 
tem of plantation and domestic economy — to avail your- 
selves of all the lights of agricultural science — to improve 
our old worn out fields — to keep out of debt — and by our 
earnest and persevering efforts, to elevate the vocation of 
the Southern Planter to its rightful position, at the head of 
all other professions. 
Nor, while devoting all proper energy and attention to 
the urgent and laborious duties of the plantation, must we 
forget the still lugher claims of home and its surroundings. 
Let us encircle this choicest and dearest spot of earth, 
with ever) ti/ing that can make it lovely and attractive. 
Plant all the choicest fruits of our sunny clime, in such 
abundance that tioi only your own household and servants 
but the pent up inhabitants of neighboring cities shall be 
fully and cheaply supplied. Scatter everywhere about 
your d, veiling sv.'eet and beautiful Flowers, to delight the 
eye and the senses, and bind the hcaits of your cliildren 
iiidisolubiy to the dear old homestead. Fill your Book 
shelves and centre tables, not only with tlie literature of 
.\gricuituie, but with all that may quicken the imagination 
and fancy, refine and elevate the sentiments, and improve 
the. heart; and thus let the wealth won by your enterpnze 
and skill, minister to the true enjoyment of life. 
THE VEGETABLE GARDEN. 
Sow early varieties of English Peas during the first fort- 
night in .lanuary, and continue to sow a succession every 
week daring tlie spring and early summer. Hoe and 
earth them up in dry, warm weather, and set a row of 
sticks to support the vines as soon as they require it. 
Where English Peas are wanted in large quantities for 
market, it wfill be found too laborious a task to stick them.. 
