SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
m 
yajsing States of Maryland and Virginia to the warmer 
Jaliludes of tiie South. But judging from the unprecedent- 
ed high price, now paid for this kind of labor, the 
supply falls njuch below the positive wants of the con- 
sumers of colton and sugar. Are these growing wants to 
be satisfied ? and if so, in what way 1 Thisisnoab- 
slract, nor idle question ; but one deinanding a practical, 
.TOt a theoretical solution. There are negroes enough in 
■MVica, if properly employed, to produce all the coffee, 
mgar, rice and cotton needed by more cultivated people ; 
B'U't opinion is greatly in conflict as to ii:hcU iy Ike proper 
miy to employ colored laborers'? Time, which settles so 
.many controversies and doubts, will ere long settle this 
grand dispute by the light of Southern experience and the 
pres-fftig wants of mankitid. 
3s?egraph wires will soon bring Africa, Asia and Eu- 
.rope very near to the New World; and our planting ad- 
vantages for the elevation of the dark-skined pagans who 
mbabil the vast continent South of the Mediterranean, can 
.Itamlly fail of being better understood in England and 
France, where some four-fifths of our cotton is manufac- 
Jared. Science is making our agriculture a most valuable 
«]Qd instructive School for the benefit of blacks not less 
than whites. Iti time, we can send colored planters to 
Jirica, every way qualified to civilize and christianize 
ate natives of that country if it be possible. Unite the 
5t®ady industry and varied attainments inseparable from 
ibe most advanced agriculture, and you unavoidably es- 
feiblish and maintain one of the most effective educational 
ifflstifulions in the world. It teaches not only the primary 
iSaty of labor and skill therein, but cultivates every Chris- 
tian feeling and principle, by which the heart and the 
ffead are equally improved. It would be a serious reflec- 
tion on any civilized, educated community to assert, that 
ffieir influence on uncivilized people would not, and could 
.not leach them many useful lessons. The duty of the 
best informed to instruct all who are less informed, and 
ihits more rapidly advance the knowledge and happiness 
of all classes, is too little urged on public attention. The 
nonorable and excellent labor of learning and teaching to 
ujainlain universal progress among mankind is clearly 
sts^cepUble of infinite extension ; and it deserves abetter 
analysis than I can give it. in the present lecture. To di- 
the labors of sincere philanthropists into proper chan- 
:®a]s is an object of no small moment; for the activity of 
opanding benevolence has made it one of the greatest 
powers of the age As productive industry and general 
iEfelligence render man less a slave to his every-day ani- 
v/ants, he has leisure to cultivate his higher and no 
bl'si faculties and sympathies; while his industrious ha- 
M-te, acquired in the school of physical necessities, will 
seoke him an earnest and steady worker in any new en 
tieTprise, whether in philanthropy, religion, politics or all 
l&re® combined. Industry must be met by equal 
mhastry; and if it is not, every idle man virtually adver- 
5is83 himself as a servant who stands in need of a master 
Mfeness long continued makes a man a brute, if not some 
tfeiog a little worse. To rise in virtue, knowledge, power, 
'saff asefulness, we should first learn the arl of learning. 
Master this art, and your success in college will he equal- 
jiy creditable to yourselves, gratifying to your friends, and 
ci/lvaniageous to the public. 
UsLORtDE OF Lime for Steeping Seed.-t-Ih Gerrnaviy 
it js considered of great efficacy. Beans steeped four 
.litaws in a solution of a quarter ofan ounce of chloride in 
a of water, were up and in rough leaf before others 
."isrwn at the same time were above ground ; and an equal 
sSilEtence was observable with other vegetables. Those 
are ambitious for having the earliest vegetables 
::E&£)Md give it a trial — Ohio Valley Farmer. 
GRASSES FOR THE SOUTH, 
Eoitors Southern Cultivator — Giving credit to 
who )i it is due, is sheer justice ; and if in so doing one in- 
dividual be made conspicuous, and it be done with a pro- 
per motive, no one can find fault. That the whole South 
need “line upon line and precept upon precept” to induce 
a change, no one doubts; and it is not to be found fault 
witli, for it is better to he slow in changing than to be ever 
changing. No one thing is more desirable, in a pecuniary 
point of view, than pastures; and nothing more difficult to 
get Southern men to attempt. The idea is continually 
before planters eyes, Xo kill grassei' ; and to name pastures 
is the next thing to insulting them. Notwithstanding this, 
I must plead for the grasses, and ask the many friends I 
have had the good fortune to make by my labors in the 
agricultural way, to believe me to be m this, as always, 
laboring for their good. 
Whilst on my trip eastward, I met with a friend of my 
youth, who was kind enough to say he had regarded me 
as wild, when urging, in by-gone days, the Bermuda 
Grass; looking on it as a curse ; and did now acknow- 
ledge he was wrong, and was putting out some hundred 
or more acre, regarding it as the best grass he ever saw. 
Since my return, a few days since, a planting friend ask- 
ing my opinion as regards Devons, said he wanted some 
50 or 100 acres of Bermuda; he has now some twenty or 
more acres ; at once frankly admitting his former preju- 
dice. 
I would say to all planters, try other grasses, try all 
grasses; let it be on a small scale so as not to injure by 
the cost, and if you need to see, so as to believe, visit the 
farm of Col. R. Peters. I again repeat, he is doing for the 
South as much as any other man, by way of proving that 
grasses will grow, that stock can be raised, that a fair in- 
terest can be made. Readers of the agricultural press 
will remember the report of Col. C room, of Alabama, as 
to Clover ; and I hope ere many years that many will be 
induced to follow the above examples. 
The planter who has never had the advantage of good 
pastures cannot appreciate the difference in the saving of 
corn, in the condition of stock, and the facility of raising a 
supply. Depending as many do upon corn and fodder, 
they will not look at the cost in the first place, and upon 
the immense labor; besides, could a planter of 10 hands 
save only 10 bushels of corn per work animal, admit he 
had 5 for the plantation and only 1 for his fiunily, thus 60 
bushels extra to feed to hogs ,or say 1-2 busliei for four 
months of the hardest time on hogs, what would be the 
gain in young stock and in sows 1 I would not be afraid 
to open an insurance office and insure that one acre of 
good land well prepared and well set in Bermuda Grass, 
kept for these 6 animals, that it alone would save those 
GO bushels in the year. Only one thorough preparation is 
needed; now calculate the saving and see how economical 
even to enclose that acre so the grass could never spread, 
admitting it to be the great evil. To make 60 bushels of 
corn is worth, labor alone, not less than, say, S15, at 25 
cents per bushel, and if 30 bushels per acre, a rent on one 
additional acre, but put at only SlO, the interest on $100 
at 10 per cent., and a planter can safely invest at 10 per 
cent. Then if preparing a hedging the acre cost SlOO, the 
planter is safe. 
But this is not all. Suppose 10 acres of rye, sown 11-2 
bushels per acre every September and kept alone for pas- 
ture and turned under, say 15th of April, when cotton is 
planted, it costs, say 15 bushels at 75 cents, $11.25; for 
the rye does about as well sown on a well cultivated cot- 
ton field, as if it were plowed just then. Then $11.25 and 
a hand to sow the grain $1 more, $12.25 ; will it not feed 
