SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
95 
growing localities, such is Normandy for its Apples, An- 
jjers for the Pears, other departments for the Grape, and 
Gascoigne for its Plums, Peaches and Nectarines. &c. The 
same law will prevail here ; but it must be tried and found 
out, eis it will undoubtedly be in a few years hence. 
There are few more hardy, lasting and well shaped 
trees than some of our fine varieties of native Apples. 
Most of these have recently sprung from native seed and 
possess all the vigor and thriftiness of young and new 
varieties. The Apples of the North and East are unsuccess- 
ful in the South ; but this is not to be regretted. I have 
seen and tasted enough of those noble Southern Seedlings 
to be induced to try their cultivation in the middle States, 
where most of them will undoubtedly retain their high 
qualities and their beautiful size and appearance. 
The North has a hundred apple trees, at least, for every 
one to be found here, and still the North had not enough 
for a good supply at home. Apples sold at S5 and S6 per 
barrel. It was nearly the same in 1855, and still those 
repeated failures do not discourage our planters. They 
have winters of Arctic severity, spring frosts like yours ; 
still they keep on. Why should you not try under more 
favorable cond itions 7 B . 
Jami-aryy 1657. 
GKAJFT1N(^ FKUIT TREE.S— CABBAXtE 
Apliiis, tfcc. 
EofTORS Southern' Cultivator — A correspondent, 
“L.,”in your November [1856] number,inquires for infor- 
mation in reference to grafting the Peach. I have prac- 
ticed it for several years with complete success, and great- 
ly prefer it to budding. My method is to lift one year 
old stocks early in February; cut off the tap root (as 
short as may'^be to leave a goodly number of horizontal j 
roots) with a slanting cut, cut clean the bruised ends ofi 
the others and insert the graft at the collar of the root, by I 
the usual method of cleft grafting, or, for very small stocks, | 
whip grafting. Then replant either where I wish it to re- 1 
main or in a nursery, being careful not to handle it by j 
the graft, or to let that receive any sort of a push or tap. j 
I use waxed cloth instead of wax. I think it every way i 
preferable. j 
In February, 1655, I grafted a plum scion in a peach ; 
stock without lifting the latter. As an experiment, I re- j 
moved the soil from around it and cut off all the horizon- 
tal roots. The plum tree is now twelve feet high, well 
branched from within eighteen inches of the ground, 
measures six inches and a half in circumference above the 
swell of the graft, and promises to produce some fruit next 
year. 
At the same time, I grafted a peach graft in a sprout 
which came up from a horizontal root of a plum tree. 
That year the peach grew 6 feet high with four or five 
lateral boughs, and was covered with fruit buds. I was 
obliged to transplant it in the spring of 1856 ; but not- 
withstanding this check it matured six excellent peaches, 
all thet were suffered to remain on it. This stock had no 
tap root at all. 
in February' of the last year,I grafted a peach in a three j 
year old stock of the common flowering almond. In this 
one season it has grown to a heiglit of seven feet; is i 
thickly branched on every side, and covered with fruit I 
buds. My object was to dwarf the peach, but w’hatever j 
the result may be it does not promise that at present. I I 
give these experiments for what they are worth ! 
Have you ever known a barren plum tree 7 In 1852 a I 
volunteer seedling came up in my garden, which, from its ^ 
peculiar appearance, I 'was induced to save. In 1651 it i 
bore one plum of a remarkable fine quality, the rest of its 
fruit being destroyed, as I supposed, by a late frost. In 
1855 it wms covered with blossoms, but produced no fruit, 
which, without examination, I ascribed to the same cause. 
Last year it was again loaded with flowers, and I exam- 
ined a great many of them carefully. The result was 
that I found in every one a mere rudimentary pistil, and 
that w'as black and dead. All the other parts of the blos- 
som were perfect and healthy. What is the explanation 
of this 7 Is it a natural defect 7 oris it attributable to 
some incidental cause 7 The tree grows in a good soil, is 
very thrifty and is evidently a variety of thp common 
chickasaw plum. 
Tour correspondent “L.,’' will find nothing so efficaci- 
ous as a remedy for the Cabbage aphis as Scotch snufF, 
sprinkled fifeely on them, or cutting off every leaf on 
which they appear and grinding it to powder, and even 
then if he "lets one escape, in two days they will all be 
back again. 
1 had a favorite pium tree which w'as awfully attacked 
by the black aphis. Limb, leaf and fruit they covered it 
like a pall of death. At the urgent advice of a friend and 
with no faith in the remedy, I w'as induced to bore a half 
inch hole in the trunk of the tree, half through, and fill it 
W'ith the flour of sulpher. In five days every aphis was 
gone, and though they re-appeared in small numbers on 
other trees and vines, they never touched that tree again, 
yet, however, I am not certain about the sulphur. 
In conclusion, let me thank Mr. White, for his “Gar- 
dening for the South,’" the very thing for every one who, 
like myself, is A Learner. 
Sclvia, Ala., 1857. 
CARAFE CFETURE IN TENNE88SE. 
BY JOHN R. EAKIN, OF WARTRACE, TENN. 
The writer has for several years, been engaged in the 
effort to establish a vineyard in Middle Tennessee, near 
Wartrace. As he has year by year marked the result of 
the effort, and acquired information from other quarters, 
both at home and abroad, he has become more and more 
convinced that the thing is eminently practical, and wor- 
thy the attention of all who desire the advancement and 
prosperity of the State. 
It is fast becoming here in this country a question, how 
the least ground can be made to produce the most value. 
With our forefathei's it was a different question, given an 
unlimited quantity of ground, how can the least labor turn 
out the largest product. Slovenly modes of culture and 
crops that required little care or neatness, were the natural 
results of an extensive surface of rich ground, and a scarc- 
ity of hands. It has been corn after corn, and cotton, 
cotton to the end of the chapter ; very naturally, too, be- 
cause such things with a virgin soil, and sparse population 
were the most profitable in that day. But, the cream of 
the soil has been all skimmed away ; families have grown 
up and divided the old homestead — worn as they are — 
immigration has demanded room also, and new modes of 
culture must be devised, and people must set themselves 
to solve the other proble.m, too. 'When they begin to 
work at it in earnest it will be the inaguration of a new 
era and a better one, which I hope is not far off. Facilities 
of communication with the world opens new markets. We 
can now sell fruits, hops, willow twigs, ground peas, and 
best of all, wheat. Many things now bring money which 
our fathers planted in patches for fanidy use, and threw 
the overplus away. Cannot vines be made a source of 
revenue to the State, and of comfortable subsistence to 
families, confined to small portions of ground, but willing 
to work fora living! Let us see what we are promised 
in what has already been done. 1 he vineyards in the 
vicinity of Cincinnati are cultivated almost exclusively by 
