SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
129 
green sugar are placed on a long floor in a room holding 
from 800 to 1,000 moulds; the point of the mould is be- 
low the level of the floor, which is made with square holes 
for their support; after the sugar has set in the moulds, 
the plug at the bottom is taken out, and on the base or 
upper flat surface of the sugar is placed a quantity of 
black pasty clay, which has the property of distributing 
the water very equally through it. The clay is wet and 
the water filters slowly through the body of the sugar, 
carrying with it all color, and leaving the base of the 
eone perfectly white. The process is repeated several 
times, and the sugar is kept in this house for about twenty 
days. It is then turned out of the moulds into large open, 
flat, wooden trays, and the different layers of strata of 
sugar is divided by a negro with a large cleaver into white, 
brown and yellow, that nearest the point is still colored 
with molasses and not very dry. These several classes 
are all kept by themselves, and the sugar is dried either 
by the sun or by ovens, and then packed into boxes hold- 
iug abobt 400 pounds each. These are then nailed and 
strapped by pieces of green cow-hide in narrow strips, 
the boxes weighed, branded, and ready for transport to 
market. 
! 
THE JAPAN PEA. 
Slr : — The extensive circulation of your paper makes me 
desirous of calling, through it, the attention of agricultur- 
ists and others to the merits of the Japan Pea, or Ca.jan- 
ics bicolor. It is a native of the East Indies and Japan, and 
has had but a limited trial among agriculturists here yet, 
but still enough to demonstrate its perfect adaptation to 
our climate and soil, its great productiveness, its excel- 
lence and wholesomeness as an article of diet, and its 
easiness of cultivation. I have sold all that I have raised 
the present season at S4.50 per bushel, and think they 
have been more profitable than three crops of Indian corn. 
They may be plmted about the same time as corn, are j 
well adapited to field culture in rows two or three feet 
apart and about a foot apart in the rows ; they do not re- 
quire a very rich soil, and forming a stiff bushy stem they 
need no poles to support them. They are also free from 
bugs so common among other peas, and are fit for house 
use all the year round ; they appear well adapted for 
ship’s stores, for which they are used by nations that cul- 
tivate them, and I would recommend a trial of them for! 
the use of the military and naval departments of the j 
government, as occupying much nutriment in a small 
space and requiring no other preparation for cooking than I 
soaking about 24 hours in cold water. j 
Yours, C.4LEB W. PuSEY, | 
[in N. Y. Tribune. | 
Foreslville , Chewier CovMty, Pa,. i 
. ^ I 
BriEDINCf CISTERNS. 
Every plantation that is scarce of water can have the j 
deficiency supplied by properly constructed cisterns, and | 
always have an abundance for stock and all other pur- 1 
poses. It is generally conceded that pure cistern water is 
more healthy and better adapted to the wants of man 
generally, than spring or well water that is strongly 
saturated with lime-stone. I will give my method of con- 
structing cisterns, and with which 1 have uniformly been 
very successful. 
To build them where you have clay or gravel founda- 
tion, it is necessary to commence your excavation circular 
digging down about three feet perpendicular, then make 
an off-set of eight inches all around, on which to rest the 
arch, v/hich must be constructed of brick and made eight 
inches thick. After having determined the depth you 
wish it, proceed to dig about half the depth perpendicular, 
the balance finish up in the shape of the larger end of an 
egg ; next, proceed to turn the arch, leaving an opening in 
the centre about eighteen inches in diameter, then careful- 
ly clean all the loose earth that may have fallen in, and 
you are now ready for cementing. 
Let the sand for the first course be coarse, cleanly wash- 
ed and gravelly ; for the second coat the same will do to run 
through a fine corn meal seive. To prepare the cement 
take two parts of sand to one part of first quality hydrau- 
lic cement, namely : Louisville, Rosendale. or Roman; 
either will do. Be very careful not to mix more at a time 
than the plasterer can use without having to add water a 
second time. After you have first coated it, let it stand 
about one week to set : after which apply the second coat. 
If the cement is of good quality your cistern will do to use 
in about two weeks after. 
Should it be necessary to blow your cistern out of rock 
you will have to make a lining of brick or stone, (either 
will do) being very careful to fill up all the backing with 
solid wall; as you value a good cistern, do not trust to 
pudddling or ramming behind with dirt. 
I give you the following table of sizes and capacity of 
cisterns in barrels, each barrel containing thirty-one and 
a half gallons : 
Barrels. Gallons. 
7 feet in diameter by 7 
feet deep. 
52 
4 
8 
8 
78 
00 
8^ 
9 
a 
98 
12 
9 
10 
a 
122 
18 
9^ 
11 
a 
150 
16 
10 “ 
12 
n 
182 
12 
11 “ 
13 
240 
6 
12 “ 
14 
u 
308 
00 
From the above table you can readily determine the 
size of any cistern you may determine to build. — Temies- 
see Farmer. 
EXPERIMENTS WITH THE CHINESE SUGAR 
Cane. 
Editors Gencssee Farmer — On the 5th of ?Jay, I planted 
some seed of the Chinese Sugar Cane, in rows three feet 
apart. It came up, and I thinned it out to six inches in 
the row. It grew to the height of eight to ten feet. I fed 
part of it to my cows and hogs, and they eat it with great 
avidity. On the 16th of September, I cut 40 stalks, and 
pressed the juice out by passing them through a pair of 
tinsmith’s rollers ; the produce was 7 quarts of juice, 
which I boiled to one quart of good syrup, or at the rate of 
18 1 ^ gallons per acre. 
I concluded to try it again, in order to determine at 
v/hat stage of its growth the stalks contain the greatest 
amount of sugar. On the 2.3d of October, the seed being 
fully ripe, and after some light frosts, 1 cut up (jO stalks, 
stripped off the leaves and pressed the canes as before, but 
as the rollers are very small, fully ten per cent, of the juice 
remained in the stalks ; I also spilled four or five quarts 
of the juice. After all mishaps, the result stands thus; 
weight of 60 canes, 102 lbs,; juice, 14 quarts; good ma- 
lasses, 62 pints ; dry fodder 4 lbs; seed, 6 quarts. Rate 
per acre of cane, 49,368 lbs.; juice 1 ,694 gallons; mo- 
lasses, 332 gallons and 3 quarts; dry fodder, 1,936 lbs; 
seed, 90 bushels — good seed weighs 40 pounds to the 
bushel. 
Farmers keep up your spirits, for the sweet times are 
coming. R. D., 
A farmer near Crediton, in England, who had suf- 
fered much from the devouring of his seed wheat by rooks 
adopted the expedient of strychnine, and steeping several 
bushels of wheat in the liquid, which he afterwards sowed 
in a field. The result was, the field was soon strewed 
with the dead bodies of these destructive birds, of 
which several bushels were collected. 
