SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
l ;:{0 
‘BEES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT.” 
[In oar last aar/oer, page IS, we were obliged to omit 
a portion of lUr, M .CbetiKK s article, owing to the non-ar- 
rival of the cats; which, wiiii the description of his Hives, 
we now take pleasure in furnishing ; J 
No. 1 , the body of my gum, holds .3 pecks; the upper 
apartment o; No. ‘2 holds 2 pecks more. Nos. 2 and 3 
show the front view of the complete gum — No. 2 shows 
the gum witii t::e head on, the Imdy of the gum and un- 
der the upper apartment — and this is the condition of rny 
‘>-um for receiving a new swarm, and it remains so until • 
next .spring o: even later, unless the bees have tilled it to j 
the bottom ; wheal remove the head, using cotton snroke ; 
to drive the bees somewhat do wn, taking what pure honey j 
they have; and t.hen I place the head on top ot the upper | 
apartment, as per No. 3, the head and upper apartment be- j 
ing held on by a tapering stick (a), which passes through j 
2 laths, one narled to each side of the gum, not a nail being ' 
used about the .bead ; the draw pin holds all cn tight and I 
enug. The bees will then fill the upper apartment with j 
pure honey, un.::nxed with bee-bread. This plan gives i 
double the arnoan: of honey, and all or nearly all pure. ' 
Now for the why and wherefore. ! 
The bees, when hived in No 2, will place the pure hon- } 
ey at the top of the body of the gum, establishing their | 
brood combs in the middle of tiie hive, as described by 
the dotted circle, and which occupies about half the hive 
and the bees deposit the bee-bread near their young, which 
is their principal food ; and, having their combs once thus 
esiabiislied, they will continue to raise their young in the 
same combs for four or five years, and would never re- 
move tiieir brood combs but for the fact that the cells, by 
the oft-repeated raising of young in them, become too smah 
to answer the purpose any longer, and the queen will 
then sciitter her eggs to any other part that will answer 
and for this cause! kill them' at. 4 years old, or sooner, if 
new hives are abundant. 
Now, after the gum is filled (that is the body of the 
gum) it will be perceived that the honey apartment wiii 
occupy only about a quarter of the body of the gum ; thei; 
at the first robbing, by adding to the honey apartment a 
half bushel more space, where the bees will not deposit 
bee bread, is the great advantage of my style of gum. 
which is the simplest, and cheapest of any plan I know of 
that answers the same pui'pose. 
Nos. 4 and 5 show a side view of the gums — No. 4 
has the head on the body, and No. 5 the head on lop. 
SouTii.CRM FnaiT. — Our attention has been directed to 
the letters of a correspondent of the Jowr tuu of Conihicra: ^ 
iVorn Chicago, HI , in which the writer, speaks of tlie su- 
perior liavot' and size of Southern Pears sold in that mar- 
ket. He says th.'V. he lias been twice appointed on com- 
mittees to the qualities of Northern fruit, but has never 
eaten such before, particularly the Bartlett and Duchesse 
d’Angouleme. They are raised ut LaGrange, NIiss., 
which is the seat of Col. John Hebron, 8 miles from Vicks- 
burg. His lear orchard consists of 20,000 bearing trees 
and of 35,000 w'sich are growing. The product of his 
fruits of several kinds the last year will reach ,^30,000. 
His markets are New Orleans, St, Louis, Louisville, Cin- 
cinnati and Chicago. In the latter places a single Barlett 
Pear early in the season retails among the wealthy at 50 
cts. each. We are astonished more than ever that such 
little attention is paid to the culture of fruit by Southern 
planters in a cli,rnate more than all others adapted to the 
Peach, the Pear, the CJrape and the Fig, and many varieties 
of Apples and other fruit — Spar/o, Gcnrs. 'icin. 
PiKMOVLNG E'l vERGREENs. — There is no season for re- ■ 
moving evergreens in the ovJinary way like tiuit when 
the buds are lust swelling and the roots pushing out new 
fibi’es. There are fifty dilYerent opinions about the best 
lime to plant evergreens. The above may be taken as ours 
and it is not given without plenty of trials of other inodes. 
We except, of course, moving the trees with a large frozen 
ball during w.inler — but one which is only occasionally 
practiced. These who can get their trees with a ball of 
earth attached, during this winter, should not put oft’ so 
very benefic’.en,- an undertaking. — E.rc^aiogc. 
Co^trosTS. — Lime is a substance which it is an error to 
use with composts in which we have barnyard manure; 
it is equally an error to mix lime with any compound rich 
in ammonia. The tendency of lime in all composts is to 
promote decomposition and to waste nitrogen, which es- 
capes b)'' union with hydrogen under the form of am- 
monia, which is the very treasure of the dung heap, and 
of most other manuring substances. — 3'Ior/mrii Praciico.l 
AiiricnUurc. 
S'l'iRRiNG THE Soit, (X Dry We.\tiier. — Never stir 
sandy soil in dry weather, except to kill weeds. When 
sandy soil is dry, stirring it increases its dryness. Clay 
soil should bestirred in dry weather, enough to keep it 
perfectly pulverized. The pulverized eartli at tlie surface 
acts as a mulch to keep the moisture below. All soil 
which is now perfectly fine is made more dry by being 
moved. But clay soils, when ruin comes, becomes w - 
crusted. Tne crust should be frequently made fine ay 
the rake or hoe— -0/Lb Fcurmcr. 
The PT. S. Ngricuei'CR-M. Society held its annu.d meet- 
ing at Washington oa the 1 -Itli .January, and the res , f 
was deemed highly satisfactory to the members who vs e 
present. Hon. Nlr. Guthrie, Secretaiy of the Treasury, 
and Hon. Humphrey Marshall, were the dchgates from 
Kentucky, and were authorized, on behalf of Louisvnie, 
to guarantee $20,000, to secure the Society from loss, f 
the next exhibition should he held in that city, arid ac- 
cordingly it was decided, to hold it there — A < .■ ■ti 
Parpirr. 
