SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR 
175 
papfr in New York engaged in a sectional war against 
the Sonih, and endeavoring to bring about the very crisis 
the pfi'Vcisof whn h we have referred to. 
We have the pheno'^nenon ofa commercial cify like New 
York, more than half of whose commerce is derived from 
the fifteeri Southern States, with all its leading papers (or 
dve out ol its seven or eight,) laboring might and main by 
every species of fraud, lying, and misrepresentation, to 
drive the cSot.th from the Union, and its trade from the 
streets of New York ! Can madness and folly go further 1 
It the evils of disunion could fall alone upon those who 
advocate it, or the punishment of treason be confined to 
disunionists and traitors, we should pray for its speedy 
-ttdvent. 
Loutsiana — The recent census ot Louisiana shows the 
I num'ier of slaves to be 2.3o,197, beingan increase of only 
18,388 over the total of the year I8.o0, which was 244,809 
J Tne free population numliers 32 1.60S, being an increase ot 
-S0,853 over the total of ISiO, wfiich was 273, 755. Thus 
while the increase of the slaves has been only 7 percent , 
tint of the free population is nearly2l per cent. The pre- 
ponderance of the free over the slaves is at present GI,409, 
whereas, in the year 1850 it was but 28,94(). At the 
.same relative raie of increase this preponderance will, in 
1870 reach 80.000. Of the whole population, 33,000 was 
'n the city of New Orleans, and 20,000 in other cities ano 
towns. There wasa manifest decreise of the slaves of the 
same communities It thus seems that the rural free in- 
haoitants has decreased several thousand, and that the 
tendency is to concentrate the poor whites and free blacks 
in the towns. D mbtless the great emigration to Texas 
anl Arkansas has operated to prevent a large increase of 
the slaves. 
NORTH DEVON CATTLE. 
Ths: merits of the Devon Breed of Cattle, for the yokf 
and the butter dairy, are too well knnwrj to need mention 
here. Though their yiehi of milk does not equal that ot 
some other breeds in quantity, it so f.r surpasses them ni 
quality, »s to more than u ake up the difference, whei 
wanted fur the churn. As wo king oxen, they are unequal- 
ed by any other lireed in ac.iivtty, docility, intelligence 
and beauty; the fine red color is almost invariably ob 
tained in the hall-breeds, even though the cross be on a 
white cow. 
iidi as oeef cattle they are comparatively little known 
in this enumry ; it may be well, therefore, to point nu 
here iheir claims for adoption as such. The high piice- 
for beef, which have ru'e.l iii all our rnirkets for severa 
years f)dst, and file greater discrinunatiou which is iiou 
vn ide in the quality of lueats. will w.isrant the farmers ii. 
other parts of the country than on the prairies and ric; 
Ian Is Of the VV'^est, in turning their atiemion to the raisim 
>and letding ol steers. Throughout New Engl.md, tin 
greater ji.trt ol'New Voi k, Micliigan and the fur Norih 
west, and again through all the Southern States, except 
K^'iitu ky, Mi-S<>uii, and [larts of Vi ir'nia. the |). v.- 
will be found the most profitable breed for the raising of 
beef Tne sevt-nty of ilie wimers, and llic slioitntss o 
the sti ronerc, rng*-tht-r with th*' mugiiness ot ihffnimii\ in 
the far North, combine to produce the same results as the 
intense tieui.s, i lie diouiiia tinu tlie li^iui e" oi ,ln-, .-i.il ii 
Che Southern States, viz; scant pastures. Experience has 
proven liiul llic Devon Wili aloou ooili txtieu.eo of cilinaifc, 
a .d iliHi iheie are tew pastuies so poor, but that a proper 
ly bred ammaloflhis bleed will gniii flesh in ihi tn 
When fat, no beet known among us is equal to lliai f on 
the Devon; ilie grain is finer, the fat and the lean btiie. 
mixed and the pioporiioti of pnme pieces is greater thai 
in any ot our other bneds. Th^y will not, it is liu* 
€quai the Snort Horns in either w’cight or early matuniy ; 
but they have as much of each as the districts of country 
for which they are calculated will warrant. Half brel 
steers are fit for the butcher at three years old or a little 
over, and may be made to weigh 1,000 lbs. in the beef at 
that age. — C. S WainwrigkV s Catalogue. 
As an instance of the capacity of some of the Devons 
for milk, Vlr. W.ainwrigkt further says: — ‘‘The cow> 
Helena, [heretofore figured in our pages] proved to be an 
excellent milker — giving as high as twentij-two (22) 
quarts per day, and fifteen (15) pounds of butter 
a week. Her progeny have shown the same good quali- 
ties.” 
RURAL ART ASSOCIATION. 
In a certain town within the circle of our acquaintance, 
a society of gentlemen has been formed, with the name of 
•‘Rural Art Association,” whivse abject is the promotion 
of horticultural knowledge and taste among its members, 
and the improvement of the town in rural embellishment. 
Monthly meeting are held at each other’s houses in rota- 
tion. The order of exercises is somewhat as follows: 
The first hour is devoted to supper and miscellaneous 
conversation; then, half an hour to the reading of an 
Essiy by some member designated at the previous meet- 
ing: the remainder of the evening is occupied in aumiliar 
discussion of some practical suiij^ct. This discussion is 
opened by some member appointed at the last meeting. 
He is allowed to speak tw’enty minutes. After his re- 
marks, the Chairman calls upon all the other members by- 
name, to e.xpress their views on the subject before the 
ineeting. no one, however, being allowed to talk m >rethani 
five minutes, except by special permis:-ion. Meanwhile 
ihe Secretary is busy taking notes of the debate, for pub- 
lication in the village newspaper. In this way, the bene- 
fit of these meetings is not confined to the members o! the 
.Association, but inures also to the whole town. 
In addition to this, each gentleman of the Society is re- 
quired to pay five dollars annually, as a condition of 
uembership. This furtiishes a small fund, which is luedl 
111 planting trees by the roadside in various paits of the 
own. Tile Committee having charge of the tree [iluming, 
-ndeavorio induce all landholders to set trees thenusi Ives 
■gainst their own premises ; but where this cannot be 
loiie, they use the funds ol the Society for that purpose, 
in this way the streets of the town are becoming greatly 
mpioved. Last year upv/ards of one hundred and fifty 
ree.s were planted ly the Association, and this year, as 
.nany more will be added to them. 
Wc commend these tacts to the notice of our reader",i 
Individucl effort will often ac ;omp!:3h mneh inward the 
tiral em'-eilishing ot a neighborhood. But it cannot do 
jveryihiiig; it cunnot compass a v/hole town, jilani trees 
•y the mile, and adorn park,s liy the acre. Societies like 
ne above, combining ih'e judgment, taste and nu ans of a 
umber of respectable citizens, w ill gem rally aocoin[ilish 
mporiant results. Their influence on the members tliem- 
elves must be exceedingly happy, and the towns where 
iiey are org mized have reason to be thankful fiir their 
aborsand their i> d"- a A-rnculiurisL 
PERSEVERE.— iiow many >ouiig iiit n in our land ore 
visliiiig and sighing to be great, who neveriheless, w'lj 
» is.s aw’ay in obscurity 1 And llie reason is a simj.le ■ 0 
tid soon told. Tiiey failed in per&eveiance '1 here anj 
vvo [ir.nciplrs which it we nosses.-, we may succeed in 
my undertaking. They are industry and perstvt lance. 
to you live secluded from the workl, and wish to lise irt 
t'eir estimation and comimoid their udiniration ? sityour 
•rams to studying and leflecting, aiid you may scaticr 
^our influence over ihe woilU,— Bui you must peieisL 
