192 
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
such a hedge is seldom seen. Why ! not the slightest 
care is bestowed on a Cape Jasmine. There it grows up 
to a large spreading unsightly bush, merely for want of 
being properly trimmed. In fact, the Gardenia needs a 
good deal of trimming, in order to keep it thrifty and heal- 
thy looking. The most suitable time for trimming it is in 
July, immediately after its flowering season has passed, 
it will then bloom again in the Autumn. July is also a 
very good season for transplanting the Cape Jasmine, 
provided it can be protected against the direct rays of the i 
sun. 
Jimipenos rirginiana (Red Cedar) is an exceedingly 
handsome hedge plant, but will not bear transplanting 
well, when taken from its wild state. The best way is to 
raise them from the seed, and as I have had several in- 
quiries from correspondents in regard to this matter,! will 
here describe the way of doing it. The seed lies long in 
the ground and seldom comes up until the second Spring. 
I once had some chickens roosting in a Red Cedar tree, 
and by scraping up their droppings and applying that 
manure to some trees, little Red Cedars came up in abun- 
dance- This led me to put away some of the berries the 
next fall in a box, where I mixed it with some fresh hen- 
house manure, and left it all winter. Early next Spring, I 
sowed it all in a moist shady place, and got plants in 
abundance. They should be transplanted when a couple 
of months old, say latter part of May, on a bed for nursing 
until big enough to be transplanted where they are to 
grow large. 
Jimiperus $uecica (Sweedish .Tuniper) will also make a 
fine hedge from five to six leet high ; propagated by cut- 
tings and layers. 
lUx (Holly) — Several of our native Hollies will also 
make beautiful hedges, and should be raised as the Red 
Cedars. J’hey are, however, somewhat more difficult. 
PimiR (Spruce) — In localities of the South, where the 
different kinds of Spruce will thrive, they will make most 
magnificent large hedges and screens The balm of Gil- 
ead i^Pinus balsamea) and the Hemlock (Pinus canaden- 
sis) both of which grow spontaneously on the mountains 
of the South, are the species which are best adapted for 
this purpose; they must be raised from the seed. 
Pruaus craoLiiiiaiius (Wild Olive, Mock Orange and 
Wild Peach) — All these common nawes are wrong, the 
true name being “ Kvergreen Cherry,” to which family it 
naturally belongs. The adapttaion of this shrub for a hedge 
and screen is well known, and has lieen meniioned in the 
Cultivator'''’ m some earlier number. It forms a most 
superb screen ten feet and more, but is only ornameiual. 
and will never be a protective hedge. Should be planted 
one fool apart. 
Rosa . — Many of our fine evergreen roses are excellently 
adapted to oru unental liedges. I will here name a few, 
whose peculiar growth makes them better fitted for this 
purpose than most others. 
Archduke ClLarles (China) for a large hedge, say six 
feet high. 
CamellinJInra (China) the same. 
Canniae (China) for r small hedge; has deep 
colored small foliage. 
Louis PhiMppe (China) for a middling sized hedge. 
M tiyiUih — for a middling sized hedge. 
AnUierose ('fea) for a small hedge. 
Julie Mansais (Tea) for a small hedge. 
Hermaseu (Buarbon) for a large hedge. 
Jidte^lc Lngnes (Noisette) for a la ge hedge. 
Ernestine B^rcide (Hy bred Perpetual) fora middling 
sized hedge. 
Giant of B'ltUes (Hybied Perpetual) for a middling 
sized hedge. All the roses should be pruned often and 
closely, in order to make fine hedges. 
Spiroa priinifolia forms a beautiful ornamental 
hedge, blooming very early in the Spring, when it produ- 
ces a most charming contrast to the fiery red Cydonia ja- 
ponica. Should be pruned by midsummer in order to 
produce a close hedge that will bloom well. From four 
to five feet high. Propagated by cuttings. 
Tkvja (Arbor vitoe) — Has long been in use for hedges 
and screens. Thuja stricla, from Nepaul, is the most 
beautiful species for that purpose, and should be planted 
from 12 to 15 inches apart. 
This list of ornamental Hedge Plants could of course be 
increased considerably, for nearly all shrubs, even the 
Climbers can be trained into fine hedges, but this, I think, 
wil answer for most purposes. 
Hedges as well as Edging should always be planted in 
a single row The hedges should invariably be trained 
conically, which is the most natural way, and by which, 
every Spring, from the bottom to the top will enjoy the 
benefit of air, sun, rain, dew and wind, and thus be kept 
beautiful all over. Robert Nelson, 
Fruitland Nursery, Augvtta, Ga., May 1857. 
BOT8 IN HORSES. 
Editors Southern Cultivator — In the April number’ 
of the Southern Cultivator, I read a remedy for Bots in 
Horses, over the signature of “W. B. Trotter.” From 
twenty years experience, the examination of some score of 
horses after death, and various remedies and experiments, 
with various ends, my opinion is, the writers hypothesis 
will not bear the test of facts, as it regards positive symp- 
toms, remedy and the operation or work of the bot. As it 
regards their ori;^in, he is correct. 
First of Symptoms . — He says after giving the sym.ptoms, 
If the horse has such “you may be sure it is the bolts.” 
This positive way of writing may lead some into error, 
and cause wrong remedies to be given. After examining 
ihe number 1 have, with just such symptoms, 1 found 
1 was mistaken in the opinion I had formed — in the place 
ot remedies for the bolts, I had administered for the colic, 
which was poison for an inflamed stomach. Inflammation- 
of the intestines, lungs, stomach, abcess of the bowels, 
bolts, colic, (rom such symptoms as given by the writer; 
hence 1 find it difficult to duscrirainate. 
Second. — *The food for bots, be says, “and feeds on 
the nutriment of the maw.” Plad he said, in the maw, it 
would have been correct, as 1 have found from actual ex- 
amination. 
He further says : “If the horse becomes heated by se- 
vere exercise, the worm will seize hold on the maw and 
commence eating it, and sometimes, in a few hours, will 
entirely destroy it, and death the is the result.” 
I feel certain the hypothesis of the writer in the pre- 
ceedins: paragraph would not have been written bad he 
examined carefully the stomach or maw with botts on it. 
Out of the number I have examined with botts, notone 
did I find attached to the membrane or maw with the 
mouth. By a careful examination with a glass you will 
find no fang or nippers, or anything that will induce you 
to believe they can attach to the maw or stomach with the 
innuih, any more than earth-worms. They do not prey 
on the maw, but live suction drawn from the juices in 
the stomach. But on a close inspection of the posterior 
you will find two fangs nr books, similar to the sting of a 
bee, which can be brought togetlicr forminga focus which 
enables the grub to penetrate any substance not harder 
than wood. 
I have taken a few from the maw and put them in a gill 
ofgood spirits of turpentine for 24 and 48 hours, amf when 
taken out they appeared unharmed, and when placed on 
a pine board wolud adhere so as to require some force to 
free them from it. Nature has provided those hooks as a 
