238 
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
not. Dr. Turner speaks of the subject as though it was a 
pretty general thing. He goes on to describe the ugly ap- 
pearance and uncomfortable condition of negro houses, 
and traces the cause to night and Sabbath workings Now, 
if Dr. Turner is coiTect in his statement, it is passingly 
strange to me that, after managing negroes for the last 
twelve years and being in ten Southern States, not a single 
such case has come under my notice. And I rejoice to 
know that I have never lived in a country where the peo- 1 certain crop, for two reasons. In the hrst place, to sow 
or weeds the last ot May. It was very unfortunate for 
such farmers that Adam’s transgression put him out of 
the Garden of Eden, and entailed on such persons the 
losing of a few drops of sweat, to sustain animal life. 
Such people, in every age, have been thp corn buyers of 
our country ; and if they are not able to buy, we have to- 
i give it to them, or keep our cribs locked. 
I have but very little confidence in sowing Peas for a- 
pie were so utterly lost to moral and religious feeling as 
to permit even, much less compel^ their negroes to con- ' 
struct their own houses at night or on the Sabbath ; and 
God forbid I ever should. I regret that it has been the 
misfortune of Dr. Turner to have lived where so little re- 
gard was payed to the Sabbath, as well as humanity. 
We are doing more against the institution of negro sub- 
ordination at the South, than our enemies at the North! 
Suppose the abolitionists had charged upon us that we 
made our negroes build their own houses at night and on 
the Sabbath, where is the Southern man that would not 
have looked upon the charge as a slander 1 — who would 
have admitted it 1 
But I leave the subject, hoping that no such expression 
as is contained in the extract above, may ever again fall 
from the lips, or slip from the pen, of a Southern man. 
Yours, &c., G. D. Harmon. 
Utica, Miss., Jam, 18.57. 
them with Corn it has to be done after die corn is laid 
by, which makes them too late; and, in the second place, 
if it sets in wet, about the time they aie sowed, they are 
choked up by the grass and weeds, and the crop is lost, i^ 
they had time to mature. 
I will now give you the most successfui mode ef naising, 
the Garden Pea, I have ever tried. IJo vt . he garden made 
rich with well decomposed manure, with spading 
deep, will keep them from firing; lay olF two rows, par- 
allel, one foot apart, leaving a space or i'mr feet betwees.- 
the next two rows, to be layed off ihe suuie distance.;: 
open shallow, and sow very thick, ami cover them about 
three-lourths of an inch deep, and then cover each row 
with boards or plank, until they sprout ; then remove the 
beards ; this prevents the ground from baking, and causes 
them to come up much better, and grow off more vigor- 
ous, This covering with boards or plank will be found 
very advantageous for all forward vegetables, 
t In conclusion, 3Iessrs, Editors, as Agriculture is th& 
j great engine that propels every occupation of our country 
Editors Southern Cultivator — Seeing all pretty all looking up to it as children to a parent for their 
much have dropped o(F from the Pea question, and their daily subsistence I, therefore, hope I will not be Iran- 
FIELD PEAS AND THEIR EULTIKE. 
cultivation, rapidly increasing in the South is presumptive 
evidence that the small portion of poison mixed with the 
large quantity of nutrimeut they contaia is not consider- 
ed dangerous to stock. I have, therefore, concluded to 
give your readers a short piece setting forth the most 
successful mode of planting and cultivating the whole 
Pea family — Garden Peas included. To secure full crops 
of either, they should invariably be planted thick ; and 
I want no better evidence of the farmer or gardener not 
understanding his business in Pea raising than to see 
them scatter^ about, one or two in a place. The same 
number of vines will not bear as well thin as they will 
thick. They want company to make them prosper, and 
v/ill dwindle into insignificance as soon by themselves as 
a social man would to confine him to a hermit’s ceil. 
I planted a Marrow-fat Pea this year, that stood as 
thick on the ground as Blackberries on a bush, and raised 
them from six to eight feet high; and the best crops of the 
Cow Pea I have ever raised would have averaged from 
twelve to fifteen Peas in a hill, and they covered, at ma- 
turity, the whole ground, and corn also. This is what I 
call Pea raising to make a sufficiency to fatten all your 
stock, and manure your land, also. What is better than 
to have your corn fields shaded by the rich pea vine 
during the heat of summer, and in the winter let the vines 
return to the earth as food for another crop 7 It must be 
admitted, by all experienced planters, that they answer a 
double purpose ; because they have a tendency to im- 
prove our land, whilst they are furnishing a wholesome 
food for, man and beast; not only so, you make full 
crops of Corn on the same land. 
The most successful time for planting the Cow Pea, 
(which I consider the best of all field peas that I have 
ever tried,) is about the 25th of May, and to give them 
one plowing and hoeing, which the Corn also gets in 
laying it by, this, with a few showers of rain, makes you a 
full crop of Peas. But, says one, my Corn is not clean 
enough by that time to plant Peas. I admit this is the 
case with many, and there is no better evidence of a sor- 
ry fhrmer than to see his Corn choked up by the grass 
scending my limits in saying something about the man- 
agement of railroads before I close. 
I left my residence, last spring, accompanied by my 
wife, and went east as far as Maryland, and was much 
pleased in taking a view of many well conducted farms- 
and gardens on ray route , and i, also, had the pleasure 
of passing through the handsome city of Augusta, from 
which point Daniel Lee sends forth to the great South his 
many lessons of wisdom, and would have been delighted 
to take him and his co-laborer by the hand, but the cars 
said, No! Still my enjoyment would have been greatly 
increased had I not seen in the Empire State of the South 
a strange species of aristocracy sticking out, much to the 
annoyance of the ladies. Women, Messrs. Editors, are 
very fond of attention — some of fops, some of gentlemen, 
and others of their husbands, and waiting girls and the 
etiquette of the present age, combined with the great 
privilege of living under a democratie government, gives 
them their choice of attendance, as weU as their mode of 
travelling ; still on the train from Augusta to V/est Point 
that privilege was denied my wife by the conductors of 
the cars, who actually sent her waiting girl out of their- 
first-class car, as they call it, to a second class one, in- 
tended, I suppose, for rowdies, whilst every fop was per- 
mitted to crowd into their No. 1 car, unmolested by the 
conductors, and much to the annoyance of the ladies; 
and a person would suppose, from the dignified mein 
assumed by the conductors in passing the Empire State 
of the South, they had received a mission, from James 
Buchanan, to some foreign court, instead of the employ- 
ment of conducting the “ iron horse ” from point to point, 
I hope that the proprietors of that line through Georgia 
will see the necessity of making a change before they are 
injured by such foolish regulations. If one car was re » 
served for the ladies and attendants, white and black, and 
kept as private as a ladies’ saloon on a steamboat, it 
would be much more agreeable, particularly to those not 
using musk. * 
Most truly, yours, E, Jinkins, 
Hme Pen^ Mississippi^ June 1857, 
