DEVOTED EXCLUSIVELY TO THE IMPROVEMENT OP SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE, 
YOL. XV. AUGUSTA, GA., SEPTEMBER, 1857. NO. 9. 
WIlil^IAN S. JONES, Pnblis"aer. DANIEE EEE, 31. D., aud D. REDMOND, Editors. 
See Terms on Last Page. 
plantation ©ranninij antt 
WORK FOR THE 3IONTH— SEPTEMBER. 
THE PLANTATION. 
As soon as Cotton begins to open fi’eely, it must be 
■gathered without delay. Avoid picking immediately af- 
ter a shower, lest the lint should be dirty. See that your 
Gin and Press are in complete order, and send no cotton 
to market that has not received the most careful handling 
throughout. 
Cow Peo.s shoald be gathered and put away during the 
-brief intervals of leisure from cotton picking. The vines 
of late planted Peas may also be cut when the pod is just 
forming, and cured for hay. Carefull)^ save seed of the 
Chinese Prolific Pea and other valuable sorts. 
Corn may be cut up and saved as directed in our last 
■number, page 233. 
Winter Oats, Rye, Barley, Clover and Lucerne may 
be sown the latter part of this month. 
Turnips fox a fall crop, must now be sown, without de- 
lay. Kuta Baga, Yellow Aberdeen, Norfolk, Early Flat 
Dutch, Globe, and Strap Leaf Red Top Turnips, are all 
■valuable varieties — the two first being the best for stock 
.and keeping. See directions for sowing Turnips, in our 
fast. 
Bay. — In addition to the Corn-stalk and unpidled fod- 
der spoken of in our last (page 233), Sweet Potato vines 
and the tops of Pinders make a tolerable rough forage, if 
cut and eured before they begin to wither. All Crab, 
(or Crop) Grass, Crowfoot and other grasses must be cut 
when in blossom, and carefully cured, with as little ex- 
posure to the sun as possible, to be of any value for hay. 
The dried up and withered grass often p^xlled for hay late 
in the season, is almost utterly valueless. 
Wet land may now be drained, woodlands prepared for 
pasturage, weeds and brush grubbed up, &c., &c., as di- 
. reeled heretofore. 
Winter Foro,ge. — As a green crop, try Wheat, sown 
■thick in three foot drills, on deeply plowed and rich land 
It will ^ive your animals green food nearly all winter, 
iaearing repeated cuttings. 
THE GARDEN. 
Turnips, of all kinds, if not already sown, must be put 
in v/ithoiu delay. (See diiections in August number, in 
regard to this and other gardening operations.) 
STRAWBERRY BEDS 
May now be prepared and the plants set out any time 
during the fall or winter. A cool moist soil, rich in veget- 
able matter, suits this fruit best, in our sultry climate. 
Spade or trench-plow the ground as deeply as possible, 
turning under a plentiful supply of swamp muck, decom- 
posed leaves, wood ashes, pulverized charcoal, and a little 
well rotted stable manure. Harrow or rake the surface 
unril it is perfectly fine and even, and set your plants in 
3 foot rows, 1 foot to 18 inches in the row. When the 
plants are well rooted, cover the entire surface of the 
ground with par ially decomposed forest leaves, only per- 
mitting the plants to be exposed. By this method, with 
an occasional wateiing next summer, in dry weather (and 
the proper selection of varieties) this delicious and healthy 
fruit may be raised abundantly from 3 to 5 month in the 
year, for family use and for market. It can be safely 
transported 300 miles per railroad, and has even been 
sent from Georgia to New York, in excellent condition. 
It is, in all respects, one of our most attractive and profit- 
able fruit crops, and we hope it will receive increased at- 
tention hereafter. Some of the choicest varieties are 
Eaily Prolific, Hovey's Seedling, Me Avon's Superior, 
Longvjorth's Prolific, Walker's Seedling, Peabody's Haut- 
bnis, Crimson Cone, Wilson's Albany, Lucy Filch. Mc- 
Avoy's Extra Red, the Crescent Seedimg, Black Prince, 
Iowa, Jenny Lind, Scott's Seedling, Trollope's Victoria, 
Boyden's Seedling, Smythe's, and other varieties, are also 
valuable for amateurs. 
THR FRUIT ORCHARD. 
Nev) land, elevated and not too rich, is most suitable for 
Orchards, and to those who have neither the time or 
means to grub up and entirely clear the ground before 
planting, we suggest the following plan for speedily re- 
placing a forest with a productive Peach or Apple orch- 
ard : Cut ofi all w ood and brush very clean, early m the 
fall, burning to ashes all the logs that you cannot remove, 
and leaving all stumps very low. Then stake off your 
land the proper istances, and dig hols six ieet across and 
two feet deep, throwing the surface mould on one side and 
the subsoil on the other. Rake into the botiom of the 
hole a bushel or more of the surrounding loose, top soil, 
leaves, &c-— fill up to the proper height wiih the surface 
soil first thrown out, and plant your tree carefully, heap- 
ing up the, subsoil slightly about the trunk and over the 
roots, to allow for the natural setiling of the earth. Your 
tree being now planted and fumished with a .supply of 
food in the hole, immediately within its reach, the afler-cuK 
