276 
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR 
;Still have, the selling of a mill called the “Vermont Wind 
Mill,” which is so geared that when the wind blows too 
hard, and gives more motion than is desired, the sails are 
taken in, till at a high speed, nothing but the bare frame 
is exposed to the motive power. We never saw this mill, 
but all who have speak in its favor. One that will per- 
form the work of two horses is sold at ^fl50. Write to 
Fowler & Wells on the subject. We have not yet seen 
the “Cornish Engine” for raising water by steam; nor 
have we published any course of lectures delivered in the 
University or elsewhere. Lectures that have to be an- 
nually repeated at one institution would lose in interest, 
locally, if in print, L. 
THE RAISING OF CEOVER. 
Editors Southern Cultivator — I wish to commence 
raising Clover, and as I am entirely ignorant of the mode 
of so doing, I will thank some of your correspondents to 
answer the following questions : 
How and when to prepare the ground '? How and 
when to sow the seed 1 What quantity of seed per acrel 
At what age to commence grazing ill and at what time 
of the year? How often to plow up and re-seed? with 
any other information necessary for one ignorant on the 
subject to know. My soil is rich black prairie. 
I shall feel under grert obligations for the information 
desired. Your obedient servant, 
William H. Smith, 
Woodlawn, Noxubee Co., Miss., 1857. 
Although the above is addressed to our “correspon- 
dents,” yet, lest no one should give the desired information, 
we venture a few suggestions on the culture of Clover. 
If your soil is not deficient in lime salts, you are not 
likely to meet any serious difficulty except hot, dry 
weather. To provide as well as you may against this dis- 
advantage, plow your land deep in September, or early in 
October, with a view to seed early in November, if not 
before, with winter wheat. Let the tillage be thorough 
as well as deep, to secure a premium crop of this cereal ; 
and sow five or six quarts of clean clover seed per acre 
after a season in the last of January or the first of Febru- 
ary, broadcast on the wheat, and roll the land sown light- 
ly to compress the earth about the seed. At the North, 
clover seed is generally sown in March on wheat and 
snow— an element not likely to lie long on the ground in 
the State of Mississippi. No rolling or harrowing of the 
seed is there often required, or practiced. Clover being a 
biennial plant, it will stand where it suits at least two 
years; and if seed ripens and shatters, it will flourish 
much longer. 
Be governed by its growth, or abundance, in feeding ; 
when small and feeble, keep all stock from it. It will 
yield two crops of excellent hay in a year. For breeding 
sows, working cattle of whatever kind, and cows giving 
milk, we know nothing that equals it, South. For some 
weeks after clover seed germinates, the young plants need 
protection from the sun even in the Northern Slates, and 
still more at the South ; and for this purpose, on good 
land adapted to wheat, it is the favorite plant to act as 
shade and a nurse to young clover. After the wheat is 
harvested, the clover will take care of itself except in se- 
vere drouths, which are apt to kill it and some oiner valu- 
able crops. After clover covers the ground well, and has 
sent its long tap-roots a foot or two into it, few plants 
stand dry weaiher better than this. According to Bous- 
siNGAULT, the roots of clover equal one- third of the whole 
in weight and substance of the plant; and this is onerea- 
son why it so enriches land. Save your own seed, and 
be careful to have it clean, and re-seed once in three or 
four years, with wheat, rye, barley or oats. 
Agricultural authors describe nearly twenty varieties 
of the trifolrum, and botanists 150 species. It belongs to 
the Lotus division of the 'popilio'oaceons legumes. L, 
THE CROPS, WEATHER, &c. 
Texas Items. — The Ma.rshall Republican says there 
was never a better prospect for an abundant yield of 
wheat, corn and cotton in that section. 
The Richmond Reporter gives a glowing description of 
a cotton field of thirty acres in full bloom. 
The Neuces Valley farmers complain of the drouth, but 
crops are in a forward and promising state. 
The Columbia Democrat says the great staple is rapidly 
developing in that section. The boils are large, healthy, 
and full of promise. 
The Victoria Advocate is jubilant over the prospects of a 
rich crop of apples and pears in that section. The fruit 
is nearly grown. The Advocate adds : — “From what we 
have seen and been able to learn of delicious fruits in 
Texas, we have no doubt that this climate is peculiarly 
adapted to the production of Pears ; and that apples, of 
the right kind and with proper attention, may be also suc- 
cessfully cultivated here.” 
Crops. — A visit to South-western and Cherokee Georgia 
confirmed our previous opinion of the crops of the State. 
The cotton in every section is very small and backward, 
and though in a healthy and gro.wing condition, yet un- 
der the most faxorable state oi circumstances to be hoped 
for, must fail to produce an average crop. The wheat crop 
already harvested, is one of the largest ever made on the 
same land, and is said to be of a very superior quality, A 
most abundant yield of corn may be expected, the crops 
of that grain in every section, with but few exceptions, 
being in a most promising condition. — Sav. Georgian 22^^ 
Jnly. 
Crops, Weather, &c. — Our advices from different 
parts of the State are, on the whole, favorable to the 
growing crops. Corn and Cotton, except in some neigh- 
borhoods where the rather protracted drouih has prevail- 
ed, are satisfactory to the planters. Recent rains, in this 
section, have revived the Corn very much, and the set- 
ting cars will be filled. Cotton is late, but promises very 
fairly. We may hazard the prediction that full three- 
quarters of a full crop will be made in this State, which 
will not be the case in other States. — Tallahassee Flori- 
dian Journal, July 25. 
Crops. — A portion of some Cotton fields have been 
ruinously inundated by the recent heavy rains. Some of 
our planting friends are dreadfully in the grass. Some 
have prospects of an average yield. In some fields the 
Cotton and Corn look as well as could reasonably be de- 
sired ; in others both are very unpromising. 
On last Saturday the heaviest rain within the memory 
of our oldest citizens, fell at this place. From 5 o’clock, 
A. M., till noon, it fell to the depth of seven inches on a 
level. — Grenada {Miss.) Republican, July 4. 
Crops in South Carolina. — Owing to the lateness of 
the spring, says the Kinpstree Star, the Cotton crop is at 
least one month behind time. 
We have had several fine rains lately, says the Lancas- 
ter Ledger, which, in conjunction with the warm weather^ 
has improved the crops. 
We are almost daily refreshed with rains, says the 
