290 
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR. 
you sit down at the table of the St. Nicholas, the Metro- 
politan, the Astor House, or the New York Hotel, without 
being stared at as a Southern ‘slaveocrat,’ or annoyed by 
the fanatical vermin that infest every railway car, steamer 
and public resort'? Of if happily these annoyances are 
not experienced — freedom from them being chiefly the 
result of silence and exclusiveness — does not the convic- 
tion force itself upon the mind of every sensitive visitor 
that they are in Philistia, and must, therefore, conform to 
a line of policy hostile to the manly nature of Southern 
men 1 ” 
The Next Tobacco Crop. — We take the following ex- 
tract from the Clarksville (Tennessee) Weeldy Chronicle, 
of the 12th ult. After some remarks about corn, wheat, etc., 
the Chronicle says : 
“ Tobacco is Ihe crop about here however, and it ab- 
sorbs nearly every other interest in our agriculture. A 
montli ago the chances were pretty well balanced be- 
tween a crop and no crop of this delectable weed. The 
early plants were mostly destroyed in the beds by frost, 
and it became evident that to re-sow woidd put the 
planting at so late a date as to render liie curing of 
a fair average crop impossible. First it was said thai 
there were no plants left, and no more seed ; but it was 
soon found that there was a large quantity of plants left, 
and plenty of seed. Then ‘the sun was drying up all the 
young plants,’ but right on the heels of this lamentation 
came copious but gentle rains, and the plants thrived ele- 
gantly. Then ‘there was no time to set out tobacco’ — 
‘none could be planted before July, and that was too late, 
everybody knew ! ” Well, notwithstanding all these mel- 
ancholy forebodings, there is an abundance of fine plants 
in the country, the seasons having been highly propitious, 
and though it is now but the 12th of June, a good crop 
has already been set out, and in the next week the largest 
crop ever planted in this section will have been set out, 
of good, thrifty plants, and M^ith ordinarily favorable sea- 
sons, to the time of maturity, there will be in this and the 
surrounding country, a larger crop of tobacco than was 
ever made before. Such is our honest conviction, based 
on intelligence from all directions of the tobacco growing 
sections.” 
SHOEING HORSES. 
Clinching Horse Shoe Nails. — As I once passed 
through this town, one of my horses’ shoes became loose, 
and I went to the shop of a smith named Lovelace, to get 
it fastened. The shoe was nearly new, and had become 
loose in consequence of the nails having drawn out of the 
hoof, although they had been clinched in the manner uni- 
versally practised. The smith remarked that all the other 
shoes were loose, and would soon drop off, when I re- 
quested him to take them off and replace them; and then 
did 1 perceive the different mode which he adopted for 
fixing them, which I will here detail. As fast as he drove 
the nails he merely bent the points down to the hoof, 
without, as is customary, twisting them with the pinc- 
ers; these he then drove home, clinching them with a hea- 
vy pair of pincers, which were not made very sharp, and 
after this had been very carefully done, he twisted off 
the nails as close as possible to the hoof, the pincers being 
dull, the nail would hold so as to get a perfect twdst round 
before it separated. These twists were then beaten close 
to the hoof and filed smooth, but not too deep or with the 
view to rasp off the twist of the nails. 
“ Oh ! ho !” said I, “ 1 have learned a lesson in horse 
shoeing.” 
“ Yes,” said he, “ and a valuable one; if I v/ere ever to 
loose a single shoe in a long day’s hunt, I should have to 
shut up my shop ; my business is to shoe the horses be- 
longing to the hunt, and the loss of a shoe would be the 
probable ruin of a horse, worth perhaps, a thousand 
pounds ; but I never am fearful of such an accident.” 
“ Sir^ply because you drive home and clinch the nails 
•before you twist them off,” said I. 
“ Yes,” replied he, “ by which I secure a rivet as well 
as a clinch.” 
The thing wa.s as clear as the light of day, awd T have 
several times endeavored to make our shoeing smiths un- 
derstand it, but they cannot see the advantage it would 
be to themselves, and guess therefore, it v’ould never doin 
these parts; but if rny brother farmers cannot see hov/ it 
works with half an eye,^ and have not the resolution to 
get it put in practice, they ought to see the shoes drop 
from the feet of their horses daily, as J once vvas accus- 
tomed to do. Now, let any one take up an old horse shoe 
at any one of the smiths’ shops on the road, and examine 
the clinch of the nails which have been drawn out of the 
hoof, and he will soon perceive how the thing operates. 
In short, if the nails are driven home before twisting off, 
and the rivet formed by the ticist be not afterwarus re- 
j moved by the rasp, I should be glad to be told how the 
shoe is to come off at all, unless by first cutting out the 
twist. — Ponniers’s Cabinet, England.. 
FEMAEE HEALTH AND BE ALT A'. 
The Baltimore Weeldy Sun, in an article on “Health 
and Beauty in Women,” speaks as follows : 
“Why is it that the beauty of our females fades so soon '? 
Or, to get at once to the real issue, for beauty is only per- 
manent where there is health, why is it that our women, 
as compared with the women of other temperate climates 
are so delicate and fragile ? 
“The answer may be made in a few words — it is be- 
cause they neglect air and exercise. Weakness, lassitude 
and fading complexion as inevitably follow indolence and 
confinement as the wilting of a plant results from its de- 
privation of light. It is a law of our existence that we 
must take daily exercise if we would continue healthy. 
It is a fact in philosophy that vitality cannot exist with- 
out air and light. All the refinements of civilization, all 
the resources of science, have failed to supply a substi- 
tute for fresh air and exercise. The poor and the rich 
stand on the same platform in reference to this necessity 
of our nature. The lady in silks and satins can buy no 
cosmetic which is so efficacious as the sunshine and the 
breeze which is poured out at the very door-step of her 
more humble sister. 
“On this point we could, if necessary, accumulate vol- 
umes of testimony. The best physicians have long been 
agreed that the principal causes of consumption among 
American women who are comparatively well oft, are 
their indolent habits and their aversion to walking in the 
open air. It is also well known to be a fact that the 
Indians of Massachusetts had been exempt from dis- 
ease of the lungs, although their Anglo-Saxon successors 
died at the rate of forty-seven to the hundred; and he at- 
tributed this exemption on the part of their aborigines, from 
that terrible disorder, to their living almost entirely in the 
open air. The equally celebrated Dr. Morton subsequent- 
ly confimed this opinion. Dr. Physick, of Philadelphia, 
one of the most distinguished men this country ever pro- 
duced, actually cured himself of an incipient pulmonary 
complaint by activity and exposure to the open air. The 
experience of the New Zealanders confirms this of our 
American Indians, for since the introduction ofEuropean 
habits into New Zealand, the natives— among w^hom con- 
sumption was formerly unknown— have died of it by thou- 
sands, 
“What is true of consumption is true of diseases in 
general. The best preventive against diseases — the medi- 
cine which is worth a thousand panaceas — is exercise and 
fresh air, or rather exercise in firesh air.” 
