SOUTHERN 
A i'Uil 
condition — some times the distance ot seven 
hundred miles. Mr. C. thinks no parties have 
suffered injury from railroads. Contrary as 
it maybe to ail theories, the farmer near market 
is not injured, though the distant one is largely 
benefitred. 
The Increase of AgricuUural Products in 
Britain, is shown in a very striking light. The 
average importation of wheat into England from 
1801 to 1810, when the population wasseldown 
at 17,44-2,911, would have given a fraction over 
one peck to each person. Fr-'m 1811 to 1820, 
when the ptmulalios was ly, 870, 589, the quan- 
tity imported' would ha.ve given less rhan a gal- 
lon and a hall to each person. Fnmi 163-1 to; 
1835, the population was 55,000,000, and the 
quantity imp,orted would have given to each 
person one gallon. Taking the three.years, 
]833-’4-'5, the importauon would-have. allowed 
onlv one pint and one-ffith to eaeh consumer. 
This will give some idea ol th-e immease pro- 
d-uctio-B and resources of that Httlc island. Un- 
der a fast increasing population, as before men- 
tioned, the dependance on foreign supply, has- 
been coBstantly growing less. 
Among the means of improvement, Mr. Col- 
man remarks, that the Royal Agricultural So- 
ciety is an efficient organ, it was instituted in 
1837. It has begun the establishment ol an 
a.griculiural library and museum, the object o! 
which is to exhibit specimens ol agricultural 
productions which are capable of preservation, 
seeds, plants, grasss', samples of wool, mineral 
manures, models and drawings of implements, 
&c. &c. Mr. Col man remarks that he has of- ^ 
ten urged the esiablishment of agrieultui'al 
museums in the United States, especially in the 
capitals of the States. The suggestion is a- 
valuable one. 
The management of the Royal Agricultural 
Society at its exhibitions, is spoken of as admi- 
rable in many respects. Mr. C says; — “ Every 
pos'ible effort is made to secure an impartial 
decision among the competitors; for besides 
that they are not suffered fey their presence to • 
influence the examiners, the examin-srs them- 
selvi-s are selected trom among persons as far 
as possible disinterested, and not likely to be 
influenced. They are cho>en, likewise, -with a 
special reference to their characters and quali- 
fication.s, to the nature ot the subjects submit- 
ted, and every pains is taken in this way, Uo se- 
cure the greatest aptness and talents. Tim 
name of the c-mipetitor is not given il it can be 
avoided, but only the number of the article pre- 
sented. The rues ol admission and competi- ' 
tion. are stringent and absolute, and no excep- 
tions are on any account allowed.” 
The Highland Agricultural Society of Scot- 
land, and the Royal Agricu tural Society of 
Ireland, are both spoken of as excellent institu- 
tions, similar in their objects and manageineni 
to the Royal Agricultural Society oi England. 
Model Farms. — Mf. Go! man notices some ol 
these. He has vi'-ited that at Glasnevin, near 
Dublin, and furnishes some highly interesting 
particulars in regard to it. In connecti<m with 
this establishment there is also an agricultural 
school, where young men receive s.neh an edu- 
catiog, theoi-et-ical and practical, as fits them to 
pursue the occupation of farming to the be.st 
advantage. The young men work in the field 
about 6 hours a day. Mi C. had the gratifica- 
tion of listening to an f-xaminatio-R of fouiteen 
of these young men, brought out of the field 
from their labor and declares that “ it wasemi- 
nentlv successful, and ici the highest degree 
creditable both to master and pupil ” The pro- 
ducts of this model farm, as given by the su- 
perintendant and teacher, are quite remaikafele. 
Seven hundred and twenty bushels of potatoes 
per acre, are given as an average crop.. The 
superintendant states that the largest cop he, 
ever obtained, was in a field where the sets vyere' 
three feet apart each way. Medium sized po- 
tatoes, pfanted whole, are preferred to. cut ones 
The experi'iient has been mad *, nnd.lhe diffe- 
rence between whole potatoes and cuttings was 
marked an-i oh.vious in favor of the former. 
The cattle on .the farm ^.re soiled, Italian rye . 
grass is mentioned as one ot the be^t articles for 
feeding. It is cut tou' limes in a season, yield- 
ing at each cuuing a gooU crop. Lucern i.s 
siPinelimes cut five times. The Scotch potatoe 
oat, and the i lopetown oat, are ihe varieties of 
this grain h^re raised. They yield an average 
of 80 bushels per acre, and iieigh about 44 lbs. 
per bushel. 
The typographical execution of ihe Second 
Part ol Mr. Colman’s work, i-^ very perfect, and 
though the matter is somi'what miscellaneous, 
it isol a nature calculated to interest not only 
the agricultural, but genera! reader. The s'yle 
is exceedingly chaste an I agreeable, and a most 
beautiful mo-ral tone pervades the whole. His 
remar-ks cm the condition of the laboring classes 
in England, show how vastly stiper-ior arc the 
advantages of that class in this country. 
ii-roni Che Albany CuUivatoi. 
Tlie Articiioke-a 
Several trials which we have kno’wn made 
with this root, indicate that ii is one of the most 
valuable for stock, which can be cultivated. -A 
tew years ago, a gentleman ol our acquaintance 
planted a small patch ot rich ground with them. 
The produce was at the rale ol 1,200 bushels per 
acre. They were principally harvested by hugs, 
which were turned in and allowed to root them 
as their appetite prompted. They gained well, 
with no other I'lod, while the artichokes lasted. 
A great advantage of this root is, that it will lie 
in the ground v\ ithout injury all winter. 
Mr. I’homas Noble, of Massillon, gave us a 
brief account of a trial with artichokes, made 
by him in the past season. In April, 1844, he 
planted two acres with thi.s vegetable. The 
ground was of mediuiii qu.ality. The artichokes 
were planted in rows twes a half to three feet 
apart — u-sing a little more seed than is common- 
ly used in planting potatoes. As'soon as the 
trust was out ol the ground la.st spiing, (1844,) 
the digging of them was begun and continued 
as the stock required. The produce ol the two 
acres was 1 500 bushels. 'I’hey were fed prin- 
cipally to sheep, though some were given to 
cattle, hor.sps and iiogs. All animals ate them 
well, seeming to pre er them to turnips. While 
the sheep were being fed with them, they were ■ 
pastured on growing wheal and clover. The 
shepherd thought the wheat and elover were 
sufficient for them, as there wa-s a lull “bite,” 
and he accordingly discontinued the artichokes. 
Tneewes'fell off in their milk, and the lamt-vs 
soon showed that they were not doing so well. 
The ariichok-es were again given, and they 
soon did as well as ever. 
Mr. Noble also used lops for fodder. He cut, 
them in October, just before frost came, dried 
and housed them. They were fed to the slock 
in win-ter, acrd wereevide tly preferable to corn 
fodder. 
Mr. N. is/so well pleased with his artichokes, 
that he is raising them this year on a larger 
scale. TheY require but little cultivation; it 
being orriy necessary to keep the ground clear 
of weeds till ihe artichokes get a good start. 
Mr. T. M Johnson, of Greensborough, Ala- 
bama, -Utely inlormed-Lis, that he is this year 
gi'owing thirty ac.'es of artichokes. He con- 
siders them ihe most profitable vegetable'he can 
raise. In that climate they can be dug at any 
time in the winter. 
There are several varieties of artichokes, but 
that called ihe Jerusalem artichoke — 
liibcrosus—\ii considered ihe best. From the 
fibie-^ ot ihe tops or stems, a cordage is some- 
limes mantifaciured in some parts of Europe. 
A Ci’RK. — It is said'ihat the syrup produeed 
by sliced raw onions, wifii loni'sugargrated be- 
t.ween them, and simmered before a fire, is a 
cure lor colds and hoarseness. It should be ta- 
ken just before, going to bed, and the feet well 
coasted at the same time. 
To SECURK HANDSOME Balkams — Carcfully 
pick out Iroin the seed-bed all plants with red 
■stems, and leave those wit!', uhite stems. 
From Uie Farmers’ Cabinet. 
A 4Varm Bed for Pigs. 
I verv well remember a .say-ing of an old gen- 
tleman, an excellent iarmer, that i-f you would 
make a hog profitable, you should not let him 
ever see a winter: and I think I have satisfied 
mysell, tiiat spring pigs well -kept and nursed, 
are tar less expensive, and yield more in return 
for their keep than tkose which are filieen or 
eighteen monihs old. But 11101*0 is o-ne thing 
quite certain ; it we preter our store hog-s.to 
torne in the fall, we ought to be caielHal to keep 
them through our long, cold winters, both warm 
and dry. Every observant farmer knows that 
if his cattle are not sheltered from the cold 
weather and storms, they will require much 
more food to keep them in tolerable order, than 
if they are kept warm and coml'ortabie. Ju-t 
soil is with pitts— if they are suffered to run 
over your premises in .the snow and sleet, with 
their legs and snout as -red as the gill of your 
gobler, without a warm and dry bed of clean 
straw to -resort to when they choose, they will 
not only in all probability. come ctn with mange 
in the spring, h-ut every grunt they give will con- 
vince you that all the lood they have devoured, 
has been thrown away-; for shuats that have a 
cold, damp, comfortless bed, will get niangy^ 
and mangy pi g« c an n 0 1 g ro w . Let a n y on e w h o 
has a mind to try the experiment, take two pigs 
of tl7e same litter, suffering ihe one to run as 
above, and let the other he well housed, an.i 
well fed, and it will be found that the superior 
growth of the latter will pay for the care be- 
stowed upon him, with good snterest. Flogs 
that are confined, and cannot get lothe earth, 
will frequently fee feenefftted by having a 
little charcoal, soft brickbats, or soft wood 
thrown into ihern, an l a trifling quantity ot 
brim.'tone mixed in their food occasionally, is 
an excellent thing. The hog has the credit of 
being a dirty fellow — but we should remembef 
that he likes to be dirty in his owm way, and for 
his own pleasure-; he neiiher prefers to live 
cold, nor in fllih — still less does he choose to be 
halt fed. Dr. Franklin’s man said the hog was 
the only gentleman in England, because he 
alone was exhonoratod from labor. If this be 
so, surely he ought to fee well ed and well 
housed in America. 1 entirely believe that the 
same amount oi lood that will barely carry a 
pig through the winter with bad management, 
will, with good, prudent treatment, keep him 
growing, a-nd in the spring you have something 
to build upon, that will by and by make you a 
solid porker, who will do credit to your stye. 
JVewark, I\’. J. Essex. 
Farmers’ Boys, do you hear thatI — The 
following is the postscript of a letter from a post 
master in a neighboring county.— Cult. 
“1 was Gaised’’ a tanner, and pursued that 
business till 1831; since which lime I have been 
engaged in mercantile operations, and part of 
ttie time largely; but I shall never becotnented 
till I get on tc a farm again. L is the most 
beautif 1 and healihlul occupation in the world; 
and yet ho-w many of our young farmers are dis- 
contented. thinking il t':ey were merchants they 
would live so much easier anti happierl This 
is a grand mistake; I havetrie-J both, andkn-'W 
it to be so from experience. I intend closing up 
as soon as I can with safety, and get me a farm 
on which to spend the remainder of my life. 
“Yours, G.” 
F.armers.— H. Colman. in comiiaring the 
1 us in ess of the farmer vvith that of others, says : 
“ I am anxious to assist the dignity of a pur- 
suit which 1 regard among the most honorable, 
as it i.s among tlie most innocent and useful in 
life; and I would, if possi' !e, soften its aspect 
and multiply its allracMfms to a large classol 
persons \v ho ha .’e been accustomed to look upon 
it with indifference or disdain, but whu would 
he sure to find in it, ifardc-nily and intelligently 
pu-sued, heal.h for the nody, and peace and sa- 
t-isfaction — nay more, the stn-rngest and most 
delightful jnierest for the mind.” 
