47 
THE SOUTHERN 
Circulai' of Messrs, skiiiuer and < J’siieliy. 
AGHICULTURAL IMPROVEMENT IN VIRGINIA, MA 
UYLaND, CAROLINA, ETC. 
In unison with ihe views ol sundry Southern 
gentlemen who are warml}'^ interested in agricul- 
tural improvement, and in accordance with the 
inquiries of various friends in the Northern 
Slates, the undersigned are collecting statistics 
illustrative oi the vast neld for enterprise pre- 
sented by the uncultivated lands o! the Souiti. 
The dilapidated estates, as well as me virgin 
soil, in various sections of the bid S.)Uihern 
States, present attractions which would not long 
be slighted, were the tacts generally known. 
Thousands ol enterprising emigrants liom the 
Not them Slates would annually ductr to Vir- 
ginia in preference to the Western country, 
were her advantages presented in a manner cal- 
culated to arrest their attention At prtsent, all 
the Guide-Books for SeUlement point e.xciu- 
sively to the West: while examination and re- 
flection w'i.l probably satisfy any intelligent 
man that the world nowhere presents a better 
field for enlightened enterprise than islurnished 
by the millions ol acres which now invite im- 
provement in the high-land regions as well as 
in tioe-water sections ol the “Old Dominion/’ 
The natural advantages ol Virginia are un- 
surpassed by those of any country in the world. 
The richness of the soil in large sections of the 
commonwealth still defies the exhaustinir influ- 
ence of improvident cultivation. Even the 
“ worn out estates,” as they are sometimes styled, 
aiiound generally with mineral and lossil re- 
mains, admirably calculated to replenish the 
soil wherever mismar agement has robbed it ol 
qualities es-ential to successful fai ming. The 
land abounds, nut only with these manutes, but 
with other mineral treasures ol incalculable 
value. The moumains embowel iron and coal, 
transcending in quantity any poe^slble require- 
ments of the largest population which could be 
crowded lor centuries within that ancient com- 
monwealth; while the lime, marl and other na- 
tural fertilizers, abundant nea/ly every where 
in the State, furnish inexhaustible and cheap 
resources tor rendering Virginia oneoi the rich- 
est agricultural regions of the earth. The At- 
lantic and the Western waters, with numerous 
bays and liver.s penetrating various .-ectiuns, 
fiiinish fe,ciliii'=s lor commerce with other coun- 
tries, as well as ior easy communication be- 
tween the people in nearly all quarters of the 
Commonwealth. The value of the fisheries is 
laigely expeiieiiced, not merely in the tide-wa- 
ter region, biu to a gr^-at extent ihroush the in 
ieiior; and what territory anywhere surpasses 
the Virginia mountains in qualifications .'or 
sheep husbandry? Buperadded loall ihese con- 
siderations, and equally important with any ol 
them, is the mildness ol the climaie— an attrac 
lion alone sufficient to render Virginia desira- 
ble to ihousai.ds of enierprisinz: seitlers. who, 
wnen abandoning their homes in the North, 
would prcler the Souihera temperature il' it 
could be enjojeJ under advantages like those 
presented by the Western Biaies now most ra- 
pidly accumulatiog immigrant population. 
The men ol Virginia, lainiiiar with the ca 
reer vd Washinzton, need not be told that, with 
such e.xtrao: diuary combinations ot advanta 
ges, ihe “Old Dominion viuuld not now be ?a- 
zeed ill the scale of Stales, if the spirit ■ hi: h 
influenced that illustrious patriot had been con- 
iinnously applied tor the !a,'t halt century lo- 
watds the advancement of that Commonwealth 
in the career which he furesliadmwed lor i er in 
Agr c ilture. Commerce and Manufactures, ad- 
ditional to her political renown. 
The intercourse and correspondence woth 
which the undersigned have been favored by 
many di.stinguished Virginians, and also by 
gentlemen ol other Slates, such as Maryland, 
Kentucky, the Carolinas and Tenne.ssee— to- 
gether with personal observation and iriuch in 
quiry airionzihe farming community — induce 
the l ei ief t hat (7. syslcTnaiic effuri Jot ’proTRO'ins 
the sale and setllernent of uncvUiva'cd lands in 
those Stales, may now be made with strong hopes 
( I successtul results. Unuer iliese circumstan- 
ce.=, il is deemed essential, by various Southern 
gentlemen, as wmil as ourselves, to collect all 
practical inlormation concerning the condition 
and price of lands in the regions above men- 
tioned, and all other information which the 
friends of improvement may choose to commu- 
nicate, for the purpose of extending a knowfiedae 
ot the advantages presented for settlers. The 
gentleman to whom iliis circular is addressed 
may therefore promote the object, if he approves 
of it, tiy communicating to the subscribers such 
fads a- he may deem pro; er concerning the 
number, extent, soil, co diiion, price and pro- 
ducts of estates for sale in his viciniiyq with the 
names of the owners or occupants, including 
jiariiculars concerning proximity to vvaier- 
courses and mineral manures; and maps of the 
land should, when convenient, accompany the 
descrqriions. Vv heie the lands are newq whe- 
ther in the mountains or oiherwnse, it is desira- 
ble to know the probable advantages for sheep 
husbandry and grazing generally, as well as for 
grain-giowing, especially as the highlands ol 
the Southern States are beginning to attract, as 
they may be made to attract largely, the atten- 
tion of w'ool-growmrs and graziers — while the 
va.st water-power abounding -in those regions, 
amid inexhaustible supplies of fuel, iron, &c., 
shoild be specified, as off ring multitudinous 
inducements for exiended manufacturing ope- 
rations. 
Gratified to find that the views here briefly 
expressed have me; with the cordial concur- 
rence ol gentlemen from the several States 
above memioned— gerUlemen whose approba- 
tion encourages this .mode of acquiring and dif- 
fusing information concerning the inducements 
for enterprise presented by the uncultivated 
lands within the borders ot those States — the 
undersigned will dose for the present, by men- 
tionins that their connection w'ith the friends of 
agriculture in various quarters satisfies them 
that the diffu'-ion of accurate infortnation is 
only' necesssary to attract enterprising settlers, 
whose capital and inUustry w’ould speedily 
bring into profitable cultivation millions of 
acres scattered in tracts of various sizes over 
all sections ot Virginia and the arijoiniog States. 
John S Skinner, Wnshinston, 
^Former Edilor of the American Farmer.) 
He.nry O’RiKi.LY', AVbn.ny. 
(Ot the N Y. State Agricultural Society ) 
December, 1844. 
To Destroy Lice o.n Cattle.— Grease, 
fat, lard, or any oily sub.siance, if applied to 
neat cattle infested w iih pediculi, will have the 
desired effect; it must be applied by being w'ell 
rubbed into tiie hair on those pari.s where the 
vermin are lound, and repeated uniil they are 
destroyed. Insects have no lungs, but hieailie 
by spiracles or minute holes in theirbodies, and 
il these spiracles are clogged with grease or 
fat, thf-y become suffocated and die. Goose 
grease, hogs’ lat^ pot skimmings, wdll all answer 
the purpose, and may be obtained in any farm- 
er’s family withtmi cost. Tobacco, also, will 
kill these vermin on cattle, by its opt-ration on 
them as poison. A simple infu.sion of tobacco, 
applied warm and rubbed into the neck or dew- 
laps, or w'herever found, so as to completely 
wet the hairs, and repeated at an interval of a 
lew' days, will destroy me nits' and lice in a 
short lime and at a cheap rate. The curry- 
comb should be us d after the aj'plication. 
Subsoil Plows. — In many .soils, not other- 
wise rich enough for corn, it would be a good 
practice to make a furrow si.': inches deep, in 
the fall wiih a common plow, then lei a subsoil 
plow run in this Inri/ w ten or twelve inches 
mure; and it would be still better to put corn- 
stalks and other manure in this trench, and list 
it in, when thoioughly w'et, w iih a smalL plow' 
or hoe; the land to remain in this -state till 
planting lime. The subsoil plow is verv valu- 
able; bv its use the soil will be less w'et in great 
ra ns, and more moist in great drought. Where 
the subsoil plow is used, in comparison with 
only the common plow, the yield will be fifty 
ncr cell . moie, anu me crop m -jiy -.vea'iher al- 
ways green. Tire subsoil plow has iloabled 
and frequently trebled me crops in England. — 
Former and Gardener. 
L'l'BJ ai 1 .15 fr* idA A'b. 
H azard, denslo'w & webster, 
Savannah, Geo., near the City Ilolel, Dealers in 
PAINTS, OILS, WINDOW GLASS GUNPOWDER, SHOT, 
PAPER. AND AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 
in aediiion lo ilieir usual .stock of the above named 
ai tides, ihe subscribers have, -.vithiit the ast year, 
maue large additions lo their assortment of Agricul- 
tural Implements, and now offer to planters a greater 
variety ilian any other establishment in the Southern 
country: amongst which may be found the following 
articles, viz : 
PLOWS. 
Yankee cast iron, No. 10, 11 IZandgO Plow's. 
Dagon, or Connecticut wrought iSo. 1, 2 and 3 do 
Allen paltern, do 
I’ uggles. Nourse & Mason’s improved do 
Viz; — Eagle plow’, heavy, two horse or o.x, do 
do vvith wheel and cutler, do 
No. 2 B Plow, for two hor.-.es., do 
“ 2 B do w'ith wdieel and cutter, do 
A 3 do medium, two horse, do 
“ A3 do w’iih wheel aud cutler, do 
“ A 2 do light two horse do 
“ A L do do one mule, or garden do 
“ 6 in. do do one horse turning do 
“ 7 in. 
“ 15 do new pattern, 1 horse, for light soil, do 
Subsoil do heavy, two horse, or ox do 
do do No. 1 do do do 
do do dr> 0 one horse do 
Double mould-board or lurrowing do 
Cotton trenching do 
Rice do with guage wheel, do 
A 1 side-hill, or swivel mould-board, do 
No 0 do do for one horse, do 
Plow irons set up, of the above kinds ; also, extra 
slocks, which can be packed in small compass, ihereby 
making a great saving in Iransporiation Mr.uld boards, 
point.s and heels or landsides, tor all the above plows. 
Improved cultivators, willi guage wheel 
Cultivator plows, or horse hoes, 
Common Harrows 
Folding do improved kind, 
Boxed lever -Straw' cullers 
Improved self-feeding strew' and corn staikdo, w'ith 
spiral knives, simple in construction, 
Corn and cob crushers (hand mill) 
do do 
for horse power 
. HOES. 
W. A. Lyndon’s extra black 
jCarolina hoes. Nos. 0 
.1.2&3 
do bright 
do do 0. 
1 . 2 & 3 
do new ground 
do doPP&PPP 
do oval eye gru 
bbing do do 
2&3 
do round do 
do do 
2 & 3 
Anchor hoes 
do 00, 
0, 1 & 2 
Brades, patent do 
do 0, 1, 
2,3<S:4 
Light Yankee do 
CHAINS. 
Straight-link trace chains, I 
Ox chains 
'fwisled do do j 
Log chains from iO l 
olSf’t 
SIISCElLANEOUS ABTICLES. 
Collins’s Axes. 
Ox-bow's. 
Root’s do 
Horse rackets, 
King’s do 
D.rt scrapers, 
Bond’s do 
Fan mills. 
Amec’s Shovels, 
Patent churns, 
do Handled Spades, 
Cotton foot gins, 
do Socket do 
Flails, 
Iron Shovels, ass’led kinds, 
A xe-hel ves. 
Long Handled Shovels, 
Swinglelrees, 
Manure Forks, 
Plow lines. 
Hay. do 
Wheelbarrow'S. 
English patent Scythes, 
Horiiculiural chests, 
.American grass do 
Pruning shears, 
Grass plan do 
Ditching knives, 
Brush and briar do 
Garden hoes, vai ious kinds, 
Briar hooks, 
Garden raires, 
Corn cu Iters, 
Flour-scrapers, 
Reap hooks. 
'I'oy hoes. 
Scythe Siiailhs, 
Garrien reels, 
Grain cradles, new’ pattern, Traiisplanliiig trowels, 
Rice cradles do do Forks, 
Pos spoons, G irdeii-liiies, 
Ox- yokes, * 
The subscribers have made such ar ran gem en Is as will 
enable them to procure any improvements which may 
be made in Ihe plow', or other kinds of implemenls sail- 
ed to this section, and trust from their great vat iety. nio- 
deraie prices and exertions to p ease, 'hey may receive 
a liberal share ol public paironjge. Plamers. mer- 
chanls, and manufaclurer.s arc respectfully inviied lo 
examine th ir stock. Oiders thanklully received and 
promptly attended to. 1-ly 
GARE>ii’^’ FStiLiS SES3US. 
A GENERAL a.?s 'riment ol Iresli and genu- 
ine Garden and Field-Seed, among which are the 
lollnw'iiig ; 
Red and while clover, Blue and green grass. 
Rye and orchard do Timothy and herds do 
Millet and Lucerne do Seed corn of every valna- 
Buckwheat & potato oats, Seed wheat, [hie variety, 
Kept constantly on hand by the subscriber, all of 
which are offered for sale at very moderate prices. 
All oiders, by mail or otherwise, executed with neat- 
ness and despatch. Wai Haines, Jr., 
1 No. g.l2. Broad •street, Augusta, Ga. 
